Sources

Every figure on this site comes from a published release of a U.S. federal agency, except the religion figures, which come from the U.S. Religion Census. This page lists each table we use, so any number can be traced back to its source.

Last updated November 12, 2026.

The agencies

U.S. Census Bureau: population estimates (Vintage 2025), the 2020 Census (apportionment, redistricting and urban–rural files), the American Community Survey (2025 one-year and 2020–2024 five-year estimates, state-to-state migration flows), historical census counts from 1790, the Current Population Survey supplemental poverty report and the 2024 Gazetteer for land area.
CDC National Center for Health Statistics: births and fertility, marriage and divorce, state life tables, mortality and infant mortality; CDC BRFSS for adult obesity and smoking.
Bureau of Economic Analysis: state personal income, GDP and regional price parities.
Bureau of Labor Statistics: Local Area Unemployment Statistics and the CPI-U used to adjust dollars for inflation.
Internal Revenue Service: Statistics of Income state-to-state migration data and returns by size of income (Historic Table 2).
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service: SNAP participation and benefits.
Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services: Medicaid and CHIP enrollment.
Department of Housing and Urban Development: point-in-time counts of people experiencing homelessness.
Department of Homeland Security: lawful permanent residents and naturalizations by state.
Department of Veterans Affairs: veteran population projections.
National Center for Education Statistics: high school graduation rates.
National Archives: electoral votes by state.

Religion: the one non-federal source

The census does not ask about religion, so religion figures come from the U.S. Religion Census: Religious Congregations and Membership Study, 2020 (state file). The study was designed and carried out by the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies (ASARB) and is distributed by the Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA). We use the copy downloaded on November 12, 2026, which includes the ARDA's September 2026 correction of the religious tradition variables, and the ARDA's 2010 state file for comparisons. Nationally the study counted 161.2 million adherents of 356,642¹ congregations.

The full citations required by the ARDA's terms appear in the registry below and at the foot of every page that uses the data. The figures are counts reported by religious bodies for their congregations, not a survey; the methodology explains how we use them, and the religion overview what they can and cannot show.

License

Works of the U.S. Government are in the public domain. The U.S. Religion Census data may be reused under the ARDA's terms, which require acknowledging the ARDA and the original collectors with the citation shown here. Where we compute a figure, such as a share, a rate or the diversity index, the method is described in the methodology and in the data dictionary on the downloads page.

The full sources registry

Every table or file behind a figure on this site, grouped by dataset: 321 entries. Each lists the table or variable, the data vintage, the agency's release date, the date we retrieved it and a link to the file. The same registry is available as JSON.

Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA): Reference and methods documents

Frequently asked questions. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.thearda.com

Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA): U.S. Religion Census

U.S. Religion Census Religious Congregations and Membership Study, 2010 (State File) (RCMSST10). 2010. Released December 11, 2018. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.thearda.com Citation: Grammich, C., Hadaway, K., Houseal, R., Jones, D. E., Krindatch, A., Stanley, R., & Taylor, R. H. (2018, December 11). U.S. Religion Census Religious Congregations and Membership Study, 2010 (State File). DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/X8D69. The data were downloaded from the Association of Religion Data Archives, www.theARDA.com, and were collected by Clifford Grammich, Kirk Hadaway, Richard Houseal, Dale E. Jones, Alexei Krindatch, Richie Stanley and Richard H. Taylor for the ASARB. Terms: ARDA usage agreement: free use; publications must acknowledge the ARDA and the original collectors (not a U.S. Government work).
U.S. Religion Census - Religious Congregations and Membership Study, 2020 (State File) (RCMSST20). 2020. Released March 31, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.thearda.com Citation: Grammich, C. A., Dollhopf, E., Gautier, M., Houseal, R., Jones, D. E., Krindatch, A., ... Thumma, S. (2023, March 31). U.S. Religion Census - Religious Congregations and Membership Study, 2020 (State File). DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/6PGRZ. The data were downloaded from the Association of Religion Data Archives, www.theARDA.com, and were collected by Clifford A. Grammich, Erica Dollhopf, Mary Gautier, Richard Houseal, Dale E. Jones, Alexei Krindatch, Richie Stanley and Scott Thumma for the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies (ASARB). Terms: ARDA usage agreement: free use; publications must acknowledge the ARDA and the original collectors (not a U.S. Government work).

Bureau of Economic Analysis: Reference and methods documents

BEA, "Gross Domestic Product by State and Personal Income by State Release—Additional Information". Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.bea.gov
Real Personal Income for States. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.bea.gov
Regional Price Parities by State and Metro Area. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.bea.gov
BEA Glossary, "Personal income". Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.bea.gov

Bureau of Economic Analysis: SAGDP1 State annual GDP summary

SAGDP1 State annual GDP summary (SAGDP1__ALL_AREAS_1997_2025.csv lines 1,3). 2025. Released September 30, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. apps.bea.gov

Bureau of Economic Analysis: SAINC1 State annual personal income summary

SAINC1 State annual personal income summary (SAINC1__ALL_AREAS_1929_2025.csv lines 1-3). 2025 (annual). Released September 30, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. apps.bea.gov

Bureau of Economic Analysis: SARPP Regional Price Parities by state

SARPP Regional Price Parities by state; SARPI real personal income (SARPP_STATE_2008_2024.csv lines 1-5; SARPI_STATE_2008_2024.csv line 2). 2024. Released February 19, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. apps.bea.gov

Bureau of Labor Statistics: Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers

Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), U.S. city average, all items, annual average (CUUR0000SA0). 2005-2025. Released January 13, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.bls.gov

Bureau of Labor Statistics: Local Area Unemployment Statistics

Local Area Unemployment Statistics (LAUS), statewide series via BLS Public Data API v2 (LAUST{FIPS}0000000000003/06/08 (NSA, M13 annual avg); LASST{FIPS}0000000000003/08 (SA monthly); US: LNU04000000, LNU01300000, LNU01000000, LNS14000000, LNS11300000 (CPS)). 2025 annual averages; September 2026 monthly (preliminary). Retrieved November 12, 2026. api.bls.gov

Bureau of Labor Statistics: Reference and methods documents

State Employment and Unemployment, Technical Note. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.bls.gov
Local Area Unemployment Statistics Estimation Methodology. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.bls.gov
How the Government Measures Unemployment. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.bls.gov

CDC (BRFSS): BRFSS Prevalence Data

BRFSS Prevalence Data (2011 to present), data.cdc.gov dttw-5yxu. 2024 survey year. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.cdc.gov

CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Births

Births: Final Data for 2024, National Vital Statistics Reports Vol. 75 No. 2 (Table 5 (births by state), Table 6 (birth rates by age, state), Table A (US)). 2024 final natality. Released June 9, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov

CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States

Drug Overdose Deaths in the United States, 2023-2024 (NCHS Data Brief No. 549). 2024 final. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov

CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Marriage rates by State

Marriage rates by State: 1990, 1995, and 2000-2024; Divorce rates by State: 1990, 1995, and 2000-2024; National marriage and divorce rate trends 2000-2024. 2024 provisional counts. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov

CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Mortality in the United States

Mortality in the United States, 2024 (NCHS Data Brief No. 548). 2024 final. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov

CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Reference and methods documents

NVSS - Marriages and Divorces, CDC/NCHS. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov
Provisional number of marriages and divorces and rates: United States, 2000-2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov
CDC/NCHS, National Vital Statistics System, "Marriage rates by State: 1990, 1995, and 2000-2024". Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov
Stats of the States. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov
Births in the United States, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov
Divorce rates by State: 1990, 1995, and 2000-2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov
Births: Final Data for 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov

CDC National Center for Health Statistics: Stats of the States

Stats of the States (state pages). 2024 final NVSS (marriage/divorce 2024 provisional counts; life expectancy 2022). Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov

CDC National Center for Health Statistics: U.S. State Life Tables

U.S. State Life Tables, 2022 (NVSR Vol. 74 No. 12) ({ST}1.xlsx (total), {ST}2.xlsx (male), {ST}3.xlsx (female); e(x) at age 0-1). 2022 final mortality. Released December 4, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov

CDC National Center for Health Statistics: United States Life Tables

United States Life Tables, 2022 (NVSR Vol. 74 No. 2). 2022. Released April 8, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov

CDC National Center for Health Statistics: VSRR Provisional Drug Overdose Death Counts

VSRR Provisional Drug Overdose Death Counts (data.cdc.gov xkb8-kh2a). 12 months ending June 2026 (provisional). Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.cdc.gov

CDC/NCIPC (based on NCHS NVSS): Mapping Injury

Mapping Injury, Overdose, and Violence - State (data.cdc.gov fpsi-y8tj). Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.cdc.gov

Census Bureau: 2020 Census Apportionment Results

2020 Census Apportionment Results, Table 1. 2020 Census (April 1, 2020). Released April 26, 2021. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: 2020 Census apportionment results and historical resident population 1910-2020

dec2020_app:apportionment.csv. Decennial censuses 1910-2020. Released April 26, 2021. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: 2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics File

2020 Census Demographic and Housing Characteristics File (DHC) (P13, H10). 2020 Census. Released May 25, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2026. api.census.gov

Census Bureau: 2020 Census Detailed Demographic and Housing Characteristics File A

Total Population, by detailed American Indian and Alaska Native group (T01001). 2020 Census (April 1, 2020). Released September 21, 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov

Census Bureau: 2020 Census Redistricting Data

dec2020_pl:us2020.npl. 2020 Census (April 1, 2020). Released August 12, 2021. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: 2020 Census urban and rural population by state

dec2020_ur:State_Urban_Rural_Pop_2020_2010. 2020 Census and 2010 Census. Released December 29, 2022. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: 2024 Cartographic Boundary Files

2024 Cartographic Boundary Files: states, 1:20,000,000 (cb_2024_us_state_20m). 2024. Released April 10, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: 2024 Gazetteer Files

2024 Gazetteer Files: states (2024_Gaz_state_national). 2024. Released September 1, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: American Community Survey 1-year estimates

Sex by Age (B01001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Age by Sex (B01002). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Total Population (B01003). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Race (B02001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Asian Alone by Selected Groups (B02015). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Hispanic or Latino Origin by Specific Origin (B03001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Hispanic or Latino Origin by Race (B03002). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
People Reporting Ancestry (B04006). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Nativity and Citizenship Status in the United States (B05001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Place of Birth by Nativity and Citizenship Status (B05002). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Place of Birth for the Foreign-Born Population in the United States (B05006). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Geographical Mobility in the Past Year by Sex for Current Residence in the United States (B07003). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Aggregate Travel Time to Work (in Minutes) of Workers by Sex (B08013). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Means of Transportation to Work (B08301). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Travel Time to Work (B08303). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Grandparents Living With Own Grandchildren Under 18 Years by Responsibility for Own Grandchildren by Length of Time Responsible for Own Grandchildren for the Population 30 Years and Over (B10050). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Households With Grandparents Living With Own Grandchildren Under 18 Years by Responsibility for Own Grandchildren and Presence of Parent of Grandchildren (B10063). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Household Type (Including Living Alone) (B11001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Marital Status for the Population 15 Years and Over (B12001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Women 15 to 50 Years Who Had a Birth in the Past 12 Months by Marital Status and Age (B13002). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
School Enrollment by Level of School for the Population 3 Years and Over (B14001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Educational Attainment for the Population 25 Years and Over (B15003). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Poverty Status in the Past 12 Months by Sex by Age (B17001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Age by Disability Status (B18101). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Household Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Household Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19013). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Gini Index of Income Inequality (B19083). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Family Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19113). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Per Capita Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19301). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Age by Veteran Status for the Civilian Population 18 Years and Over (B21001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Period of Military Service for Civilian Veterans 18 Years and Over (B21002). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Employment Status for the Population 16 Years and Over (B23025). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Housing Units (B25001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Occupancy Status (B25002). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Tenure (B25003). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Average Household Size of Occupied Housing Units by Tenure (B25010). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Units in Structure (B25024). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Year Structure Built (B25034). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Year Structure Built (B25035). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Tenure by Vehicles Available (B25044). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Gross Rent (Dollars) (B25064). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income in the Past 12 Months (B25070). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income in the Past 12 Months (Dollars) (B25071). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Value (B25075). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Value (Dollars) (B25077). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Selected Monthly Owner Costs (Dollars) by Mortgage Status (B25088). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Mortgage Status by Selected Monthly Owner Costs as a Percentage of Household Income in the Past 12 Months (B25091). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Group Quarters Population (B26001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Types of Health Insurance Coverage by Age (B27010). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Types of Computers in Household (B28001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Presence and Types of Internet Subscriptions in Household (B28002). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Language Spoken at Home for the Population 5 Years and Over (C16001). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Household Language by Household Limited English Speaking Status (C16002). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Ratio of Income to Poverty Level in the Past 12 Months (C17002). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Occupation for the Civilian Employed Population 16 Years and Over (C24010). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Industry for the Civilian Employed Population 16 Years and Over (C24030). 2024. Released September 11, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Age (B01001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Age by Sex (B01002). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Total Population (B01003). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Race (B02001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Asian Alone by Selected Groups (B02015). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Alone by Selected Groups (B02016). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Asian Alone or in Any Combination by Selected Groups (B02018). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Alone or in Any Combination by Selected Groups (B02019). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Hispanic or Latino Origin by Specific Origin (B03001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Hispanic or Latino Origin by Race (B03002). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
People Reporting Ancestry (B04006). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Nativity and Citizenship Status in the United States (B05001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Place of Birth by Nativity and Citizenship Status (B05002). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Place of Birth for the Foreign-Born Population in the United States (B05006). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Geographical Mobility in the Past Year by Sex for Current Residence in the United States (B07003). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Aggregate Travel Time to Work (in Minutes) of Workers by Sex (B08013). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Means of Transportation to Work (B08301). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Travel Time to Work (B08303). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Grandparents Living With Own Grandchildren Under 18 Years by Responsibility for Own Grandchildren by Length of Time Responsible for Own Grandchildren for the Population 30 Years and Over (B10050). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Households With Grandparents Living With Own Grandchildren Under 18 Years by Responsibility for Own Grandchildren and Presence of Parent of Grandchildren (B10063). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Household Type (Including Living Alone) (B11001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Marital Status for the Population 15 Years and Over (B12001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Women 15 to 50 Years Who Had a Birth in the Past 12 Months by Marital Status and Age (B13002). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
School Enrollment by Level of School for the Population 3 Years and Over (B14001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Educational Attainment for the Population 25 Years and Over (B15003). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Language Spoken at Home by Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over (B16001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Poverty Status in the Past 12 Months by Sex by Age (B17001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Age by Disability Status (B18101). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Household Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2025 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Household Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2025 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19013). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Gini Index of Income Inequality (B19083). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Family Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2025 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19113). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Per Capita Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2025 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19301). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Age by Veteran Status for the Civilian Population 18 Years and Over (B21001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Period of Military Service for Civilian Veterans 18 Years and Over (B21002). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Receipt of Food Stamps/SNAP in the Past 12 Months by Presence of People 60 Years and Over for Households (B22001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Employment Status for the Population 16 Years and Over (B23025). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Housing Units (B25001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Occupancy Status (B25002). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Tenure (B25003). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Average Household Size of Occupied Housing Units by Tenure (B25010). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Units in Structure (B25024). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Year Structure Built (B25034). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Year Structure Built (B25035). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Tenure by Vehicles Available (B25044). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Gross Rent (Dollars) (B25064). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income in the Past 12 Months (B25070). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income in the Past 12 Months (Dollars) (B25071). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Value (B25075). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Value (Dollars) (B25077). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Selected Monthly Owner Costs (Dollars) by Mortgage Status (B25088). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Mortgage Status by Selected Monthly Owner Costs as a Percentage of Household Income in the Past 12 Months (B25091). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Group Quarters Population (B26001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Types of Health Insurance Coverage by Age (B27010). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Types of Computers in Household (B28001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Presence and Types of Internet Subscriptions in Household (B28002). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Detailed Race (C02003). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Language Spoken at Home for the Population 5 Years and Over (C16001). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Household Language by Household Limited English Speaking Status (C16002). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Ratio of Income to Poverty Level in the Past 12 Months (C17002). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Occupation for the Civilian Employed Population 16 Years and Over (C24010). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Industry for the Civilian Employed Population 16 Years and Over (C24030). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Age and Sex (S0101). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Food Stamps/Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) (S2201). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Public Health Insurance Coverage by Type and Selected Characteristics (S2704). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025 (Census Data API) (B02008). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025 (Census Data API) (B02009). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025 (Census Data API) (B02010). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025 (Census Data API) (B02011). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025 (Census Data API) (B02012). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025 (Census Data API) (B02013). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025 (Census Data API) (B25146). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025 (Census Data API) (B25147). 2025. Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2005-2019 and 2021-2025 (Census Data API) (B01002, B19013, B17001, B15002, B05002, B25003, B25077, B25064, B25010, B03003, B03002, B21001, B23025, B27001, B08301). 2005-2025 (no standard 2020 1-year release). Released October 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. api.census.gov

Census Bureau: American Community Survey 5-year estimates

Sex by Age (B01001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Age by Sex (B01002). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Total Population (B01003). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Race (B02001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Asian Alone by Selected Groups (B02015). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Alone by Selected Groups (B02016). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Asian Alone or in Any Combination by Selected Groups (B02018). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander Alone or in Any Combination by Selected Groups (B02019). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Hispanic or Latino Origin by Specific Origin (B03001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Hispanic or Latino Origin by Race (B03002). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
People Reporting Ancestry (B04006). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Nativity and Citizenship Status in the United States (B05001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Place of Birth by Nativity and Citizenship Status (B05002). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Place of Birth for the Foreign-Born Population in the United States (B05006). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Geographical Mobility in the Past Year by Sex for Current Residence in the United States (B07003). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Aggregate Travel Time to Work (in Minutes) of Workers by Sex (B08013). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Means of Transportation to Work (B08301). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Travel Time to Work (B08303). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Grandparents Living With Own Grandchildren Under 18 Years by Responsibility for Own Grandchildren by Length of Time Responsible for Own Grandchildren for the Population 30 Years and Over (B10050). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Households With Grandparents Living With Own Grandchildren Under 18 Years by Responsibility for Own Grandchildren and Presence of Parent of Grandchildren (B10063). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Household Type (Including Living Alone) (B11001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Marital Status for the Population 15 Years and Over (B12001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Women 15 to 50 Years Who Had a Birth in the Past 12 Months by Marital Status and Age (B13002). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
School Enrollment by Level of School for the Population 3 Years and Over (B14001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Educational Attainment for the Population 25 Years and Over (B15003). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Language Spoken at Home by Ability to Speak English for the Population 5 Years and Over (B16001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Poverty Status in the Past 12 Months by Sex by Age (B17001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Age by Disability Status (B18101). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Household Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Household Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19013). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Gini Index of Income Inequality (B19083). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Family Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19113). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Per Capita Income in the Past 12 Months (in 2024 Inflation-Adjusted Dollars) (B19301). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Age by Veteran Status for the Civilian Population 18 Years and Over (B21001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Period of Military Service for Civilian Veterans 18 Years and Over (B21002). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Employment Status for the Population 16 Years and Over (B23025). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Housing Units (B25001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Occupancy Status (B25002). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Tenure (B25003). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Average Household Size of Occupied Housing Units by Tenure (B25010). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Units in Structure (B25024). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Year Structure Built (B25034). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Year Structure Built (B25035). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Tenure by Vehicles Available (B25044). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Gross Rent (Dollars) (B25064). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income in the Past 12 Months (B25070). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Gross Rent as a Percentage of Household Income in the Past 12 Months (Dollars) (B25071). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Value (B25075). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Value (Dollars) (B25077). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Median Selected Monthly Owner Costs (Dollars) by Mortgage Status (B25088). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Mortgage Status by Selected Monthly Owner Costs as a Percentage of Household Income in the Past 12 Months (B25091). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Group Quarters Population (B26001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Types of Health Insurance Coverage by Age (B27010). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Types of Computers in Household (B28001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Presence and Types of Internet Subscriptions in Household (B28002). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Detailed Race (C02003). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Language Spoken at Home for the Population 5 Years and Over (C16001). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Household Language by Household Limited English Speaking Status (C16002). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Ratio of Income to Poverty Level in the Past 12 Months (C17002). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Occupation for the Civilian Employed Population 16 Years and Over (C24010). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
Sex by Industry for the Civilian Employed Population 16 Years and Over (C24030). 2020-2024. Released January 29, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov

Census Bureau: County Adjacency File

County Adjacency File, 2025 (county_adjacency2025.txt). 2025. Released January 1, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals by Race

Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals by Race, 1790 to 1990 (Working Paper POP-WP056, Gibson and Jung, 2002) (Tables 1 and 15-65). 1790-1990 censuses. Released September 13, 2002. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: Intercensal Estimates of the Resident Population for States

Intercensal Estimates of the Resident Population for States, 2000-2010 (ST-EST00INT-ALLDATA). 2000-2010 intercensal. Released September 1, 2011. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov
Intercensal Estimates of the Resident Population for States, 2010-2020 (NST-EST2020INT-POP). 2010-2020 intercensal. Released November 1, 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: Population Estimates Program

pep_v2025:NST-EST2025-ALLDATA. Vintage 2025 (July 1, 2020-July 1, 2025; components for July 1-June 30 years). Released January 27, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov
pep_v2025:SC-EST2025-ALLDATA6. Vintage 2025 (July 1 2020-2025). Released June 25, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: Poverty in the United States

cps_asec_spm:P60-290_table17. CPS ASEC 2024-2026 (calendar years 2023, 2024, 2025). Released September 15, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: Reference and methods documents

B03001 Hispanic or Latino Origin by Specific Origin, ACS 2020-2024 5-year. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.census.gov
About Language Use. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Census Bureau, "Computing Apportionment". Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
About the Topic of Race. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Facts for Features: Hurricane Katrina 10th Anniversary: Aug. 29, 2015. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
North Carolina Becomes Ninth State With 10 Million or More People, Census Bureau Reports. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
2020 Census Undercounts in Six States, Overcounts in Eight. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
About Congressional Apportionment. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
About the Foreign-Born Population. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Census Bureau Announces Changes for 2020 American Community Survey 1-Year Estimates. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Subject Definitions. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
About Ancestry. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
2020 Census Illuminates Racial and Ethnic Composition of the Country. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Housing Vacancies and Homeownership. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Older People Projected to Outnumber Children for First Time in U.S. History. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Health Insurance: Guidance for Data Users. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Health Insurance Glossary. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Annual Updates to the Data and Methodology Used to Produce Population Estimates. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Modified Race Data. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Population Estimates Program release schedule. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Poverty in the United States: 2024. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
U.S. Census Bureau, Glossary. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Which Data Source to Use for Poverty. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Housing Vacancies and Homeownership - FAQs. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Income: Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
About the Supplemental Poverty Measure. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Urban and Rural. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Health Insurance Coverage in the United States: 2014. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
U.S. Census Bureau, Income Inequality: Metrics. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Your faith, your community, and the census. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov
Centers of Population. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
"Racial and Ethnic Diversity in the United States: 2010 Census and 2020 Census" story. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
U.S. Census Bureau, QuickFacts. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
P60-290 Table 17. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov
QuickFacts: New Hampshire, U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Energy Boom Fuels Rapid Population Growth in Parts of Great Plains. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey 2024 Subject Definitions. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov
2020 Post-Census Group Quarters Review. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Veterans: Glossary. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Supplemental Poverty Measure. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
ACS user note 2021-02. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Population and Housing Unit Estimates: Methodology. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
About the Hispanic Population and its Origin. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Guidance for Labor Force Statistics Data Users. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
State Population by Characteristics: 2020-2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
How the Census Bureau Measures Poverty. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Census Regions and Divisions of the United States. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov
Poverty in the United States: 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
Gazetteer Files. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov
District of Columbia. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.census.gov

Census Bureau: State-to-State Migration Flows

acs_flows:State_to_State_Migration_Table_2024. ACS 2024 1-year. Released January 21, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Census Bureau: Voting and Registration in the Election of November 2024

cps_vote:P20-587_table4a. CPS November 2024 Voting and Registration Supplement. Released April 29, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www2.census.gov

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Reference and methods documents

Adult BMI Categories. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov
Adult Obesity Prevalence Maps. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov
Infant Mortality. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov
About Teen Pregnancy. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.cdc.gov

CMS (Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services): State Medicaid and CHIP Applications

State Medicaid and CHIP Applications, Eligibility Determinations, and Enrollment Data (Performance Indicator dataset), October 2026 release. Released October 30, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. data.medicaid.gov

Department of Education, NCES: Digest of Education Statistics 2023

Digest of Education Statistics 2023, Table 219.46: Public high school 4-year adjusted cohort graduation rate (ACGR), by state, 2011-12 through 2021-22. school year 2021-22. Retrieved November 12, 2026. nces.ed.gov

Department of Housing and Urban Development: Reference and methods documents

The 2024 Annual Homelessness Assessment Report (AHAR) to Congress: Part 1: Point-In-Time Estimates of Homelessness | HUD. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.huduser.gov

Department of Veterans Affairs (NCVAS; now Office of Actuarial Services): VetPop2023 Table 6L

VetPop2023 Table 6L: Living veterans by state, age group, sex, 2023-2053. VetPop2023 model; base 2023-09-30, projections to 2053. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.va.gov

Department of Veterans Affairs: Reference and methods documents

Veteran Population. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.va.gov

DHS Office of Homeland Security Statistics: Reference and methods documents

Lawful Permanent Residents. Retrieved November 12, 2026. ohss.dhs.gov
Estimates of the Unauthorized Immigrant Population. Retrieved November 12, 2026. ohss.dhs.gov

DHS Office of Homeland Security Statistics: Refugees

Refugees: 2024 Annual Flow Report, Table 5 (state of initial resettlement, top 10). FY2024. Released August 20, 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. ohss.dhs.gov

DHS Office of Homeland Security Statistics: Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2024

Yearbook of Immigration Statistics 2024. Fiscal year 2024 (Oct 2023-Sep 2024). Retrieved November 12, 2026. ohss.dhs.gov

HUD Office of Policy Development and Research: 2025 AHAR

2025 AHAR: Part 1 - PIT Estimates of Homelessness in the U.S.; 2007-2025 PIT Counts by State. Point-in-Time count, one night in the last 10 days of January 2025. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.huduser.gov

Internal Revenue Service: Reference and methods documents

SOI Tax Stats - Migration Data. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.irs.gov
SOI Tax Stats - Historic Table 2. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.irs.gov
IRS SOI, Historic Table 2 documentation guide, tax year 2023. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.irs.gov
IRS, "Definition of adjusted gross income". Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.irs.gov

IRS Statistics of Income (SOI): SOI Tax Stats - Historic Table 2

SOI Tax Stats - Historic Table 2: Individual Income and Tax Data, by State and Size of Adjusted Gross Income, Tax Year 2023. Tax Year 2023 (individual income tax returns). Released August 21, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.irs.gov

IRS Statistics of Income (SOI): SOI Tax Stats - Migration Data 2022-2023

SOI Tax Stats - Migration Data 2022-2023 (state inflow/outflow). Released March 20, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.irs.gov

National Archives (Office of the Federal Register): Distribution of Electoral Votes

Distribution of Electoral Votes. based on 2020 Census; effective for 2024 and 2028 elections. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.archives.gov

National Archives: Reference and methods documents

National Archives, "Distribution of Electoral Votes". Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.archives.gov

National Center for Education Statistics: Reference and methods documents

Public High School Graduation Rates. Retrieved November 12, 2026. nces.ed.gov

Pew Research Center: Reference and methods documents

Religious Landscape Study (RLS), 2023-24. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.pewresearch.org

States Demographics: Computed

Computed: population (PEP Vintage 2025) divided by land area (2024 Gazetteer). 2025. Released November 12, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
Computed: diversity index from ACS 2025 1-year table B03002 (B03002). 2025. Released November 12, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
Computed: diversity index from the 2020 Census P.L. 94-171 table P2 (P2). 2020. Released November 12, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
Computed: DHS new LPRs FY2024 per 1,000 residents (PEP July 1, 2024). FY2024. Released November 12, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026.
Computed: DHS naturalizations FY2024 per 1,000 residents (PEP July 1, 2024). FY2024. Released November 12, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026.

USDA Economic Research Service: Reference and methods documents

Rural Classifications. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.ers.usda.gov

USDA Food and Nutrition Service (FNS): SNAP Monthly State Participation and Benefit Summary

SNAP Monthly State Participation and Benefit Summary, Fiscal Year 2025 (National Data Bank Version 8.2 PUBLIC; P-EBT/Other Excluded) (FY25.xlsx inside the zip (regional sheets NERO..WRO + US Summary; row "Total" per state = FY average monthly participation, annual cost, average monthly benefit)). FY2025 (Oct 2024-Sep 2025). Released October 8, 2026. Retrieved November 12, 2026. www.fns.usda.gov

Sources

Association of Religion Data Archives (ARDA), U.S. Religion Census; table RCMSST20; 2020; released March 31, 2023. www.thearda.com

Citation: Grammich, C. A., Dollhopf, E., Gautier, M., Houseal, R., Jones, D. E., Krindatch, A., ... Thumma, S. (2023, March 31). U.S. Religion Census - Religious Congregations and Membership Study, 2020 (State File). DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/6PGRZ. The data were downloaded from the Association of Religion Data Archives, www.theARDA.com, and were collected by Clifford A. Grammich, Erica Dollhopf, Mary Gautier, Richard Houseal, Dale E. Jones, Alexei Krindatch, Richie Stanley and Scott Thumma for the Association of Statisticians of American Religious Bodies (ASARB).

Margins of error (±) are at the 90% confidence level. A difference is called significant only when it passes the Census Bureau's test at that level. How every figure is built: methodology. Found an error? Write to [email protected]; corrections are listed on the updates page.