Race and ethnicity in the 50 states and DC
On July 1, 2025, 56.1% of Americans were non-Hispanic white, 20.5% Hispanic, 13.5% Black and 6.9% Asian. The mix differs widely between states: non-Hispanic white residents make up 89.4% of Vermont and 21.5% of Hawaii1.
Data as of October 29, 2026 (newest release used on this page).
Source: States Demographics, Computed, table B03002; Census Bureau, 2024 Cartographic Boundary Files. Darker states are higher; DC is the dot. Period: 2025.
Show the numbers
| State | Diversity index |
|---|---|
| Hawaii | 76.6 |
| Nevada | 70.8 |
| California | 69.9 |
| District of Columbia | 69.7 |
| Maryland | 69.5 |
| New Jersey | 68.1 |
| Texas | 68.1 |
| New York | 67.4 |
| Georgia | 66.8 |
| Florida | 65.9 |
| Alaska | 64.6 |
| Arizona | 63.5 |
| Virginia | 63.1 |
| New Mexico | 63.0 |
| Illinois | 62.6 |
| Delaware | 62.5 |
| Oklahoma | 62.2 |
| North Carolina | 60.9 |
| Louisiana | 60.8 |
| Washington | 60.4 |
| Connecticut | 59.5 |
| Mississippi | 57.7 |
| South Carolina | 56.6 |
| Massachusetts | 55.9 |
| Colorado | 55.6 |
| Alabama | 55.0 |
| Rhode Island | 53.5 |
| Arkansas | 52.8 |
| Oregon | 50.6 |
| Tennessee | 49.0 |
| Kansas | 47.9 |
| Pennsylvania | 47.8 |
| Michigan | 47.4 |
| Nebraska | 45.3 |
| Indiana | 45.0 |
| Minnesota | 44.9 |
| Utah | 44.8 |
| Ohio | 44.0 |
| Missouri | 42.9 |
| Wisconsin | 40.1 |
| Idaho | 39.8 |
| South Dakota | 38.4 |
| North Dakota | 36.9 |
| Kentucky | 36.8 |
| Iowa | 34.6 |
| Wyoming | 34.5 |
| Montana | 32.2 |
| New Hampshire | 27.0 |
| Maine | 23.5 |
| Vermont | 22.3 |
| West Virginia | 22.2 |
What percent of each state is white, Black, Hispanic or Asian
The Census Bureau's population estimates for July 1, 2025 give the share of each group in every state. Hispanic origin is an ethnicity, not a race, so Hispanic residents are also counted in a race group; the white figures below exclude them, the Black and Asian figures include them.
- White, not Hispanic: 56.1% nationally. Highest in Vermont (89.4%), Maine (89.3%) and West Virginia (88.7%); lowest in Hawaii (21.5%), California (32.5%) and New Mexico (35.2%). Full list: white population by state.
- Hispanic or Latino: 20.5% nationally. Highest in New Mexico (49.4%), California (41.2%) and Texas (40.9%); lowest in West Virginia (2.6%), Vermont and Maine (both 2.8%). Full list: Hispanic population by state.
- Black: 13.5% nationally. Highest in the District of Columbia (41.6%), Mississippi (36.8%) and Georgia (32.4%); lowest in Montana (0.7%), Wyoming and Idaho (both 1.2%). Full list: Black population by state.
- Asian: 6.9% nationally. Highest in Hawaii (36.7%), California (17.5%) and Washington (11.8%); lowest in West Virginia and Montana (both 1.0%1). Full list: Asian population by state.
- American Indian and Alaska Native, alone or with another race: 3.2% nationally in the 2025 American Community Survey. Highest in Alaska (22.2%), Oklahoma (17.0%) and New Mexico (12.8%2). Full list: Native American population by state.
Every state and DC, with the share of residents of two or more races and the diversity index (sort any column):
| Vermont | 89.4% | 2.8% | 1.8% | 2.2% | 2.5% ±0.3 | 3.9% | 22.3 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maine | 89.3% | 2.8% | 2.9% | 1.6% | 2.7% ±0.2 | 3.4% | 23.5 |
| West Virginia | 88.7% | 2.6% | 4.0% | 1.0% | 2.2% ±0.2 | 3.9% | 22.2 |
| New Hampshire | 86.9% | 5.3% | 2.1% | 3.1% | 1.9% ±0.2 | 3.4% | 27.0 |
| Montana | 83.2% | 5.3% | 0.7% | 1.0% | 9.2% ±0.2 | 4.8% | 32.2 |
| Wyoming | 81.2% | 11.5% | 1.2% | 1.3% | 5.9% ±0.6 | 4.3% | 34.5 |
| Iowa | 81.0% | 8.1% | 4.9% | 2.7% | 2.2% ±0.2 | 3.5% | 34.6 |
| North Dakota | 79.7% | 5.7% | 4.2% | 2.1% | 7.4% ±0.5 | 4.1% | 36.9 |
| Kentucky | 79.6% | 6.1% | 8.7% | 2.2% | 2.4% ±0.1 | 4.1% | 36.8 |
| South Dakota | 78.0% | 6.1% | 2.6% | 1.9% | 11.4% ±0.4 | 4.2% | 38.4 |
| Idaho | 77.8% | 14.8% | 1.2% | 1.9% | 3.9% ±0.3 | 4.6% | 39.8 |
| Wisconsin | 77.7% | 8.8% | 6.7% | 3.5% | 2.7% ±0.1 | 3.7% | 40.1 |
| Missouri | 75.4% | 5.9% | 11.5% | 2.6% | 3.3% ±0.1 | 4.9% | 42.9 |
| Ohio | 74.5% | 5.5% | 13.4% | 3.1% | 2.1% ±0.1 | 4.5% | 44.0 |
| Minnesota | 74.3% | 7.2% | 8.3% | 5.9% | 3.1% ±0.1 | 4.3% | 44.9 |
| Indiana | 73.5% | 9.6% | 10.6% | 3.2% | 2.3% ±0.1 | 4.2% | 45.0 |
| Nebraska | 73.3% | 14.4% | 5.8% | 3.2% | 3.2% ±0.2 | 4.4% | 45.3 |
| Utah | 72.9% | 17.6% | 1.7% | 3.1% | 3.0% ±0.2 | 4.6% | 44.8 |
| Michigan | 71.9% | 6.4% | 13.9% | 4.0% | 2.6% ±0.1 | 4.4% | 47.4 |
| Pennsylvania | 71.8% | 9.9% | 12.3% | 4.6% | 1.6% ±0.1 | 3.9% | 47.8 |
| Kansas | 71.2% | 14.6% | 6.1% | 3.3% | 4.0% ±0.2 | 5.6% | 47.9 |
| Tennessee | 70.0% | 8.6% | 15.7% | 2.4% | 2.5% ±0.1 | 4.2% | 49.0 |
| Oregon | 69.8% | 16.2% | 2.5% | 5.4% | 5.1% ±0.2 | 6.8% | 50.6 |
| Arkansas | 67.6% | 10.0% | 15.2% | 2.2% | 4.4% ±0.2 | 5.1% | 52.8 |
| Rhode Island | 66.5% | 19.7% | 9.7% | 4.1% | 2.8% ±0.6 | 4.6% | 53.5 |
| Massachusetts | 66.3% | 14.5% | 10.2% | 8.5% | 1.6% ±0.1 | 4.0% | 55.9 |
| Colorado | 63.1% | 24.1% | 4.9% | 4.3% | 4.0% ±0.2 | 5.6% | 55.6 |
| Alabama | 62.5% | 6.5% | 25.9% | 1.8% | 2.7% ±0.1 | 3.9% | 55.0 |
| South Carolina | 61.9% | 8.5% | 24.4% | 2.2% | 2.4% ±0.1 | 4.0% | 56.6 |
| Connecticut | 60.9% | 19.9% | 13.6% | 5.5% | 2.2% ±0.2 | 4.3% | 59.5 |
| Washington | 60.8% | 15.5% | 4.7% | 11.8% | 4.5% ±0.2 | 7.6% | 60.4 |
| Oklahoma | 58.7% | 14.0% | 7.9% | 2.8% | 17.0% ±0.2 | 10.6% | 62.2 |
| North Carolina | 58.7% | 12.6% | 21.3% | 4.2% | 3.5% ±0.1 | 4.6% | 60.9 |
| Virginia | 57.0% | 12.0% | 19.5% | 8.1% | 2.1% ±0.1 | 5.5% | 63.1 |
| Alaska | 56.8% | 8.2% | 3.4% | 6.5% | 22.2% ±0.5 | 10.6% | 64.6 |
| Illinois | 56.7% | 19.9% | 14.5% | 7.0% | 2.5% ±0.2 | 3.9% | 62.6 |
| Delaware | 56.6% | 11.9% | 24.0% | 5.0% | 2.4% ±0.4 | 4.8% | 62.5 |
| Louisiana | 54.7% | 8.5% | 32.1% | 2.1% | 2.9% ±0.3 | 3.6% | 60.8 |
| Mississippi | 54.7% | 4.6% | 36.8% | 1.4% | 2.2% ±0.2 | 3.0% | 57.7 |
| New York | 51.5% | 21.0% | 18.1% | 10.9% | 2.0% ±0.1 | 4.3% | 67.4 |
| Arizona | 51.2% | 32.5% | 5.9% | 4.5% | 6.5% ±0.2 | 5.2% | 63.5 |
| Florida | 49.9% | 29.2% | 16.3% | 3.5% | 1.9% ±0.1 | 4.0% | 65.9 |
| New Jersey | 49.6% | 24.0% | 15.8% | 11.6% | 2.1% ±0.2 | 3.8% | 68.1 |
| Georgia | 47.9% | 12.1% | 32.4% | 5.4% | 2.2% ±0.2 | 4.2% | 66.8 |
| Maryland | 45.3% | 13.8% | 31.1% | 7.6% | 2.2% ±0.2 | 5.2% | 69.5 |
| Nevada | 42.3% | 31.2% | 11.3% | 10.6% | 3.8% ±0.3 | 7.8% | 70.8 |
| District of Columbia | 37.6% | 12.9% | 41.6% | 5.8% | 2.0% ±0.4 | 5.1% | 69.7 |
| Texas | 37.3% | 40.9% | 13.4% | 6.7% | 2.9% ±0.1 | 4.0% | 68.1 |
| New Mexico | 35.2% | 49.4% | 2.9% | 2.2% | 12.8% ±0.4 | 4.5% | 63.0 |
| California | 32.5% | 41.2% | 6.4% | 17.5% | 3.6% ±0.1 | 6.6% | 69.9 |
| Hawaii | 21.5% | 10.6% | 2.0% | 36.7% | 2.9% ±0.4 | 24.6% | 76.6 |
| United States | 56.1% | 20.5% | 13.5% | 6.9% | 3.2% ±0.0 | 4.9% | 63.5 |
Source: Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025; Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B02010; States Demographics, Computed, table B03002. ± is the 90% margin of error.
The typical state looks different from the country as a whole. In the middle state of the ranking, non-Hispanic white residents make up 66.3% of the population, well above the national 56.1%; the median Hispanic share is 11.9%, the median Asian share 3.5%. Only 9 states have a Hispanic share above the US figure and 101 an Asian share above it.
Five places where non-Hispanic white residents are not the largest group
In most states non-Hispanic white residents are the largest single group. In the 2025 estimates that is not true in four states and the capital:
- New Mexico: Hispanic residents are 49.4% of the population, against 35.2% non-Hispanic white.
- California: 41.2% Hispanic, 32.5% non-Hispanic white.
- Texas: 40.9% Hispanic, 37.3% non-Hispanic white.
- Hawaii: Asian residents are 36.7%, non-Hispanic white residents 21.5%; another 24.6% report two or more races and 10.9% are Native Hawaiian or Pacific Islander alone.
- District of Columbia: Black residents are 41.6%, non-Hispanic white residents 37.6%1.
Texas joined this list after 2020. In the same series for 2020, non-Hispanic white Texans were still the larger group (40.3% against 39.3% Hispanic); by 2025 the order had reversed. In California the gap has widened in the same direction, from 39.5% Hispanic and 35.4%1 non-Hispanic white in 2020.
Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B03002; Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B02009. The dark bars are mutually exclusive and add to 100%. The light bars count everyone who reported the race, alone or with another race and of any ethnicity, so they overlap and add to more than 100%.
Show the numbers
| Group | Share (single group) | MOE | Alone or in combination |
|---|---|---|---|
| Hispanic or Latino (any race) | 40.9% | – | |
| White, not Hispanic | 36.4% | ±0.1 | 70.2% |
| Black, not Hispanic | 11.7% | ±0.1 | 14.2% |
| Asian, not Hispanic | 6.3% | ±0.1 | 7.6% |
| Two or more races, not Hispanic | 3.8% | ±0.1 | – |
| Some other race, not Hispanic | 0.4% | – | |
| American Indian and Alaska Native, not Hispanic | 0.3% | 2.9% | |
| Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, not Hispanic | 0.1% | 0.4% |
Below half, but still the largest group
In five more states non-Hispanic white residents are less than half the population but remain the largest group: Nevada (42.3%, with 31.2% Hispanic), Maryland (45.3%, with 31.1% Black), Georgia (47.9%, with 32.4% Black), New Jersey (49.6%, with 24.0% Hispanic) and Florida (49.9%, with 29.2%1 Hispanic).
Three of them crossed the halfway line after 2020. Georgia's non-Hispanic white share was 50.6% in 2020, New Jersey's 53.0% and Florida's 52.8%. Nevada (46.7%) and Maryland (48.0%) were already below half. The next states in line are Arizona, at 51.2%, and New York, at 51.5%1.
Since 2020, the same direction in every state
Between 2020 and July 1, 2025, the national non-Hispanic white share fell from 58.8% to 56.1%, and the Hispanic share rose from 18.8% to 20.5%1. The shift was not confined to a few states. In the Census Bureau's estimates:
- the non-Hispanic white share fell in every state and DC, most in Nevada (down from 46.7% in 2020), Washington (down from 65.1% in 2020) and Connecticut (down from 64.7% in 2020);
- the Hispanic share rose in every state and DC, most in Rhode Island (up from 16.7% in 2020) and Florida (up from 26.5% in 2020);
- the share of residents of two or more races rose everywhere;
- the Asian share rose everywhere except Hawaii (down from 37.4% in 2020), with the largest gain in Washington (up from 9.8% in 2020);
- the Black share moved both ways. It fell most in the District of Columbia (down from 43.7% in 2020) and South Carolina (down from 25.6% in 2020), and rose most, by 1.0 percentage points1 each, in Minnesota, Massachusetts, Delaware and Connecticut.
These are estimates without margins of error, so the changes are the Bureau's best figures, but each new vintage revises every year back to 2020.
The survey gives a longer view. In the American Community Survey, the national non-Hispanic white share was 66.8% in 2005 and 55.0%6 in 2025.
Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2005-2019 and 2021-2025. ACS 1-year estimates; no standard 1-year release for 2020. Shaded band: 90% margin of error.
Show the numbers
| Year | United States | Texas | Georgia | Nevada |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 66.8% ±0.0 | 48.9% ±0.0 | 59.7% ±0.0 | 59.8% ±0.1 |
| 2006 | 66.2% ±0.0 | 48.1% ±0.0 | 58.7% ±0.0 | 58.6% ±0.1 |
| 2007 | 65.8% ±0.0 | 47.7% ±0.0 | 58.3% ±0.0 | 57.9% ±0.0 |
| 2008 | 65.4% ±0.0 | 47.2% ±0.0 | 57.9% ±0.0 | 57.0% ±0.1 |
| 2009 | 64.9% ±0.0 | 46.6% ±0.0 | 57.3% ±0.0 | 55.6% ±0.1 |
| 2010 | 63.7% ±0.0 | 45.2% ±0.0 | 55.8% ±0.0 | 54.0% ±0.0 |
| 2011 | 63.3% ±0.0 | 44.7% ±0.0 | 55.4% ±0.0 | 53.5% ±0.0 |
| 2012 | 62.8% ±0.0 | 44.3% ±0.0 | 55.0% ±0.0 | 52.7% ±0.0 |
| 2013 | 62.4% ±0.0 | 43.9% ±0.0 | 54.6% ±0.1 | 52.1% ±0.1 |
| 2014 | 61.9% ±0.0 | 43.4% ±0.0 | 54.2% ±0.0 | 51.3% ±0.1 |
| 2015 | 61.5% ±0.0 | 42.9% ±0.0 | 53.7% ±0.0 | 50.5% ±0.1 |
| 2016 | 61.1% ±0.0 | 42.5% ±0.0 | 53.2% ±0.0 | 49.8% ±0.1 |
| 2017 | 60.6% ±0.0 | 41.9% ±0.0 | 52.6% ±0.0 | 48.8% ±0.1 |
| 2018 | 60.2% ±0.0 | 41.4% ±0.0 | 52.2% ±0.0 | 48.4% ±0.1 |
| 2019 | 60.0% ±0.0 | 41.1% ±0.0 | 51.8% ±0.1 | 47.8% ±0.1 |
| 2021 | 58.1% ±0.0 | 39.4% ±0.1 | 50.2% ±0.1 | 45.2% ±0.2 |
| 2022 | 57.7% ±0.0 | 38.9% ±0.1 | 49.6% ±0.1 | 44.4% ±0.2 |
| 2023 | 57.1% ±0.0 | 38.7% ±0.0 | 48.7% ±0.1 | 44.4% ±0.2 |
| 2024 | 56.3% ±0.0 | 37.8% ±0.1 | 48.0% ±0.1 | 42.8% ±0.2 |
| 2025 | 55.0% ±0.0 | 36.4% ±0.1 | 47.1% ±0.1 | 41.5% ±0.2 |
Two or more races: one question, three answers
How many Americans are multiracial depends heavily on the source.
- Population estimates, July 1, 2025: 4.9%1.
- 2020 Census, April 1, 2020: 10.2%7.
- American Community Survey, 2025: 13.7%8.
The gap comes from the "Some other race" category. In the survey, the most common combination by far is white and "Some other race": 27.9 million people (8.2% of the population) answered that way in 2025, and another 25.6 million chose "Some other race" alone. Leave out the people who reported exactly two races with "Some other race" as one of them, and the survey's multiracial share drops to 4.9%8, the same as the estimates. The population estimates use modified race categories with no "Some other race", and the people who chose it are reassigned to the other races. The Census Bureau has also attributed much of the rise in multiracial responses at the 2020 Census to changes in the design of the questions and in the coding of written answers.
The states also order differently. In the estimates, which leave out "Some other race", Hawaii leads by far (24.6%), ahead of Alaska and Oklahoma (both 10.6%1). Oklahoma and Alaska have the highest shares of residents reporting white and American Indian or Alaska Native together: 5.3% of Oklahomans and 5.2% of Alaskans in 2020–2024. In the survey, where "Some other race" counts, New Mexico has the highest share reporting a pair that includes it (21.7%9, 2020–2024), and "Some other race", alone or with another race, is 34.3% of New Mexicans and 29.9%10 of Texans in 2025.
Source: Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025. Period: July 1, 2025.
Show the numbers
| State | Two or more races |
|---|---|
| Hawaii | 24.6% |
| Alaska | 10.6% |
| Oklahoma | 10.6% |
| Nevada | 7.8% |
| Washington | 7.6% |
| Oregon | 6.8% |
| California | 6.6% |
| Colorado | 5.6% |
| Kansas | 5.6% |
| Virginia | 5.5% |
| Maryland | 5.2% |
| Arizona | 5.2% |
| United States | 4.9% |
Highest share is not the most people
Shares and counts name different leaders. Over 2020–2024, in the survey:
- Texas had the most Black residents (3,692,993 reporting Black alone), then Georgia and Florida; the highest share is in the District of Columbia.
- California had the most Asian residents (6,100,560); the highest share is in Hawaii, where 56.6%11 reported Asian alone or with another race in 2025.
- California had the most residents reporting American Indian or Alaska Native alone (498,657), then Arizona; the highest share is in Alaska.
- California9 also had the most residents reporting white alone, though it ranks 2nd lowest1 on the non-Hispanic white share.
Native American and Pacific Islander populations
These groups are small nationally and concentrated in a few states. In the 2025 estimates, residents who are American Indian or Alaska Native alone are 2.1% of the US population but 15.6% of Alaska, 11.6% of New Mexico and 9.4% of Oklahoma1. Counting people who also report another race, the 2025 survey puts Oklahoma's share at 17.0%2.
The 2020 Census recorded the tribe or group people wrote in. The largest answers were Cherokee in Oklahoma (203,803 people, alone or with another group or race) and the Navajo Nation in Arizona (145,33412). These are self-reported answers, not tribal enrollment counts.
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander residents are 0.3% of the national population and 10.9% of the population of Hawaii; Alaska is second at 2.0%1. Utah has the highest share of Tongan residents of any state (0.33%13, 2020–2024).
Where diversity is highest
The diversity index condenses the whole mix into one number: the chance, in percent, that two residents chosen at random belong to different race or ethnicity groups. It uses the eight mutually exclusive groups of the survey, the same formula as the Census Bureau's 2020 index.
Hawaii (76.6), Nevada (70.8) and California (69.9) score highest; West Virginia (22.2), Vermont (22.3) and Maine (23.5) lowest. The national index, 63.5, is higher than the index of all but 123 of the 50 states and DC; as with the shares, the typical state is less mixed than the country as a whole. Each region has its own high and low point:
- Northeast: New Jersey (68.1) to Vermont (22.3).
- Midwest: Illinois (62.6) to Iowa (34.6).
- South: the District of Columbia (69.7) to West Virginia (22.2).
- West: Hawaii (76.6) to Montana (32.23).
The 2020 Census index for the country was 61.115. Because the census and the survey differ in method, compare the two years with care; the diversity index ranking has both for every state.
How the sources define race and ethnicity
Race and Hispanic origin are self-reported: people choose the categories they identify with, under the federal standards the Census Bureau describes. Being Hispanic or Latino is asked in a separate question, and Hispanic people can be of any race. Do not add the Hispanic share to the race shares.
This page uses three sources, and they give different answers to the same question:
| Measure | Population estimates, July 1, 2025 | American Community Survey, 2025 | 2020 Census |
|---|---|---|---|
| White, not Hispanic | 56.1% | 55.0% | 57.8% |
| Hispanic or Latino | 20.5% | 20.5%4 | 18.7% |
| Two or more races | 4.9%1 | 13.7%8 | 10.2%7 |
- Population estimates (Census Bureau, Vintage 2025) carry the 2020 Census forward with births, deaths and migration. They are the headline shares on this page and in the state rankings, with no margin of error and no "Some other race" group.
- The American Community Survey samples households every year. It keeps "Some other race", has margins of error, and is the only source here for races reported in combination, detailed race groups, counts by state and the diversity index.
- The 2020 Census counted everyone on April 1, 2020, and is the source of the tribe write-ins.
The estimates also publish a "white" figure that includes white Hispanic residents: 72.3% of the country, against 56.1%1 for non-Hispanic white. Searches for "what percent of a state is white" can mean either; this page uses the non-Hispanic figure unless it says otherwise.
Questions about race and ethnicity by state
What percent of the US population is white?
It depends on whether Hispanic white people are counted. In the Census Bureau's estimates for July 1, 2025, 72.3% of residents were white alone, of any ethnicity, and 56.1%1 were white alone and not Hispanic. Counting everyone who reported white alone or together with another race in the 2025 American Community Survey gives 71.6%16.
Which state has the highest percentage of Black residents?
The District of Columbia, where 41.6% of residents were Black on July 1, 2025. Among the 50 states, Mississippi ranks first (36.8%), followed by Georgia (32.4%) and Louisiana (32.1%1). By number of people, Texas9 had the most Black residents in 2020–2024.
Which state has the largest Hispanic share?
New Mexico, at 49.4% on July 1, 2025, followed by California (41.2%) and Texas (40.9%). The national share is 20.5%1.
What is the whitest state?
Vermont, where 89.4% of residents were non-Hispanic white on July 1, 2025, just ahead of Maine (89.3%) and West Virginia (88.7%1).
What is the most diverse state?
Hawaii. On the diversity index, the chance that two residents picked at random belong to different race or ethnicity groups, it scores 76.6 in the 2025 American Community Survey, against 63.5 for the country. Nevada (70.8) and California (69.9) follow; West Virginia is the least diverse (22.23).
Rankings on this topic
Sources
- Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025; Vintage 2025 (July 1 2020-2025); released June 25, 2026. www2.census.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B02010; 2025; released October 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- States Demographics, Computed, table B03002; 2025; released November 12, 2026.
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B03002; 2025; released October 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B02009; 2025; released October 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2005-2019 and 2021-2025; 2005-2025 (no standard 2020 1-year release); released October 29, 2026. api.census.gov
- Census Bureau, 2020 Census Redistricting Data; 2020 Census (April 1, 2020); released August 12, 2021. www2.census.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table C02003; 2025; released October 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020-2024, table C02003; 2020-2024; released January 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B02013; 2025; released October 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B02011; 2025; released October 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, 2020 Census Detailed Demographic and Housing Characteristics File A, table T01001; 2020 Census (April 1, 2020); released September 21, 2023. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 5-year estimates, 2020-2024, table B02016; 2020-2024; released January 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, 2024 Cartographic Boundary Files; table cb_2024_us_state_20m; 2024; released April 10, 2025. www2.census.gov
- States Demographics, Computed; table P2; 2020; released November 12, 2026.
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B02008; 2025; released October 29, 2026. data.census.gov
Margins of error (±) are at the 90% confidence level. A difference is called significant only when it passes the Census Bureau's test at that level. How every figure is built: methodology. Found an error? Write to [email protected]; corrections are listed on the updates page.