Arizona population and demographics

About 2.23% of everyone living in the United States lives in Arizona. It has 10.2 times as many residents as at the 1950 Census and 1.5 times as many as in 2000. Its gain since April 2020 is the 5th highest of any state, higher than every bordering state (California, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah)¹. The site covers states only; for counties and cities such as Phoenix, Tucson or Chandler, see the Census Bureau's QuickFacts.

Arizona's population, census by census

The first census to count the area of the present state, in 1860, found 6,482 people. In 1900 the count was 122,931, the 48th of 51 present-day states and DC with a count that year. The climb since then has been steep: 749,587⁹ in 1950, 5,130,632 in 2000 and 7,151,502 in 2020, by which time Arizona ranked 14th of 51⁶.

Source: Census Bureau, Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals by Race, 1790 to 1990; Census Bureau, 2020 Census apportionment results and historical resident population 1910-2020; Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025. Census counts every ten years (April 1); estimates for July 1 after 2020.

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Year	Arizona
1860	6,482
1870	9,658
1880	40,440
1890	88,243
1900	122,931
1910	204,354
1920	334,162
1930	435,573
1940	499,261
1950	749,587
1960	1,302,161
1970	1,770,900
1980	2,718,215
1990	3,665,228
2000	5,130,632
2010	6,392,017
2020	7,151,502
2021	7,274,022
2022	7,370,065
2023	7,452,073
2024	7,556,424
2025	7,623,818

Growth between the last two censuses was 11.9%, 4.5 percentage points above the US figure (7.4%)⁶. The gain in the year to July 2025 was the 7th highest¹ in the country.

Most residents were born somewhere else

Only 39.2% of Arizona residents were born in the state (±0.4 percentage points), 17.2 percentage points below the US figure (56.4%). That is the 4th lowest share in the country, after Nevada (29.0%), the District of Columbia (32.4%) and Florida (35.2%). Another 46.0%¹⁰ were born in a different state.

Alaska44.6% ±1.3

Idaho44.5% ±1.0

Colorado41.4% ±0.5

Delaware40.2% ±1.4

New Hampshire39.9% ±0.9

Wyoming39.7% ±1.5

Arizona39.2% ±0.4

Florida35.2% ±0.3

District of Columbia32.4% ±1.4

Nevada29.0% ±0.6

Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B05002. Whiskers show the 90% margin of error; states whose whiskers overlap may not differ significantly. Period: 2025.

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State	Born in the state where they live	MOE
Alaska	44.6%	±1.3
Idaho	44.5%	±1.0
Colorado	41.4%	±0.5
Delaware	40.2%	±1.4
New Hampshire	39.9%	±0.9
Wyoming	39.7%	±1.5
Arizona	39.2%	±0.4
Florida	35.2%	±0.3
District of Columbia	32.4%	±1.4
Nevada	29.0%	±0.6

Those born elsewhere in the country come mostly from the West and the Midwest. In 2025, 19.6% of Arizonans were born in another Western state (14.0 percentage points above the US figure (5.6%)) and 14.0% in the Midwest (7.1 percentage points above the US figure (6.9%)¹⁰).

Growth from two kinds of migration

Births and deaths now add little to Arizona's population. In the year to June 2025 the state recorded 78,926 births and 71,277 deaths, a natural increase of 7,649. In the two years to June 2022, deaths outnumbered births (−4,671 and then −707). Of the growth in the year to July 2025, natural increase supplied 11%, net migration from other states 46% and net migration from abroad 42%¹.

The two migration streams have moved differently. Net domestic migration, people arriving from other states minus those leaving, peaked at 84,233 in the year to June 2021 and fell to 31,107 by 2025. The 2025 figure was still the 5th highest in the country. Net international migration rose from 8,016 in 2021 to 60,743 in 2024, then dropped to 28,219 in 2025. Since April 2020 Arizona has gained a net 282,626 people from other states and 163,650¹ from abroad.

Who moves to Arizona, and from where

The Census Bureau's survey of movers counted 234,819 people who moved to Arizona from another state in 2024 (±15,189) and 179,314 who left for another state. California sent by far the most (52,383), followed by Washington (17,601) and Texas (10,306). California was also the most common destination of people leaving (28,174¹¹), so the exchange with that state runs both ways.

Moved to Arizona from

California52,383 ±6,890

Washington17,601 ±3,256

Texas10,306 ±2,404

Colorado10,284 ±2,531

Illinois9,445 ±2,340

North Carolina9,435 ±5,922

Ohio8,866 ±3,901

Michigan7,691 ±3,101

Left Arizona for

California28,174 ±4,463

Texas13,503 ±3,464

Colorado9,762 ±2,707

Utah9,643 ±2,547

Florida9,255 ±2,344

Washington8,638 ±2,604

Oregon7,194 ±2,095

Illinois6,130 ±1,899

Source: Census Bureau, State-to-State Migration Flows, 2024. People aged 1 and over who lived in another state a year earlier (and the reverse). Survey estimates: whiskers show the 90% margin of error.

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State	Moved in from	Moved out to
California	52,383 ±6,890	28,174 ±4,463
Washington	17,601 ±3,256	8,638 ±2,604
Texas	10,306 ±2,404	13,503 ±3,464
Colorado	10,284 ±2,531	9,762 ±2,707
Illinois	9,445 ±2,340	6,130 ±1,899
North Carolina	9,435 ±5,922	5,516 ±1,760
Ohio	8,866 ±3,901	–
Michigan	7,691 ±3,101	–
Utah	7,366 ±2,624	9,643 ±2,547
Florida	–	9,255 ±2,344
Oregon	–	7,194 ±2,095

On federal tax returns filed for 2022 and 2023, Arizona gained 27,127 more people than it lost, the 7th highest net gain, and the households that arrived reported $2.8 billion¹² more income than those that left.

Arizona population by age

The median age, half of residents older and half younger, was 39.5 years in 2025 (±0.2 years), not statistically different from the US figure (39.5 years)³. It has risen from 34.5 years¹³ in 2005. The counts show the shift more clearly. The number of Arizonans aged 65 and older rose from 1,344,960 in 2020 to 1,571,773 in 2025, an increase of 226,813 (16.9%), against national growth of 8,669,081 (15.5%). Over the same years the number of children under 18 fell from 1,633,535 to 1,597,315¹⁴.

MenWomenUnited States

MenWomen

85+

80–84

75–79

70–74

65–69

60–64

55–59

50–54

45–49

40–44

35–39

30–34

25–29

20–24

15–19

10–14

5–9

0–4

Source: Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025. Share of the total population in each age group. Vertical ticks: the United States.

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Age	Men (%)	Women (%)	US men (%)	US women (%)
0-4	2.67	2.56	2.76	2.65
5-9	2.93	2.83	2.96	2.83
10-14	3.09	2.98	3.08	2.95
15-19	3.38	3.21	3.31	3.16
20-24	3.62	3.42	3.43	3.28
25-29	3.63	3.36	3.46	3.37
30-34	3.42	3.26	3.41	3.38
35-39	3.28	3.16	3.38	3.40
40-44	3.05	3.02	3.21	3.27
45-49	2.77	2.83	2.93	3.03
50-54	2.68	2.80	2.83	2.96
55-59	2.68	2.85	2.86	3.02
60-64	2.80	3.10	2.96	3.21
65-69	2.76	3.15	2.75	3.08
70-74	2.44	2.86	2.26	2.64
75-79	2.06	2.39	1.71	2.08
80-84	1.25	1.51	1.00	1.32
85+	0.94	1.26	0.78	1.28

Residents aged 65 and older are now 20.6% of the population, the 16th highest share and higher than California, Nevada and Utah; lower than New Mexico. Children are 21.0%, close to the national share, and people of working age (18 to 64) are 58.4%. For every 100 working-age residents there are 35.3 people aged 65 and older, 12% above the US figure (31.5); in 2020 the ratio was 32.0¹⁴. Births are not keeping pace: the total fertility rate in 2024 was 1.57 births per woman, 2% below the US figure (1.60)¹⁵.

Arizona population by gender

The 2025 American Community Survey counts 3,844,727 females and 3,779,091 males, a difference of 65,636 (±5,783¹⁶). The sex ratio, males per 100 females, is 98.3 (±0.2), 2% above the US figure (96.4) and higher than California and New Mexico; lower than Nevada and Utah¹⁷. Females are still the majority, but by a smaller margin than in the country as a whole. The Census Bureau's population estimates, which use a different method, put the ratio at 97.8¹⁴ on July 1, 2025.

Women are older on average: the median age is 40.9 years for females and 38.0 years³ for males, neither statistically different from the national figure. Life expectancy at birth in 2022 was 79.9 years for women and 73.7 years for men. The male figure is 1.1 years below the US figure (74.8 years); the female figure is 0.3 years below the US figure (80.2 years)¹⁸.

Income, poverty and prices

Half of Arizona households had income above $82,940 in 2025 and half below (±$1,117). That is $1,840 (2%) below the US figure ($84,780), higher than New Mexico; lower than California, Nevada and Utah, and not statistically different from $83,630 in 2024 (in 2025 dollars)⁴. Incomes are less spread out than nationally: the Gini index, where 0 means equal incomes and 1 means one household has everything, is 0.465, 4% below the US figure (0.482)¹⁹. Fewer households than nationally have incomes of $200,000 or more (12.6%), and more fall between $50,000 and $100,000 (30.1%²⁰).

Poverty in Arizona sits at the national level. The official rate was 11.8% (±0.5 percentage points), not statistically different from the US figure (11.8%) and not statistically different from 11.7% in 2024. For children it was 14.3%, not statistically different from the US figure (14.8%), and for residents aged 65 and older 10.5%⁵. The Census Bureau's Supplemental Poverty Measure, which counts taxes, benefits and local housing costs, gives 13.7% on average over 2023 to 2025, against 10.7% on the official measure from the same survey; the gap of 3.0 percentage points is 0.7 percentage points above the US figure (2.3 percentage points)²¹.

Overall prices are near the national average: the Bureau of Economic Analysis puts Arizona at 100.7 for 2024 (US = 100). Housing is the part that costs more. The housing price index is 106.8, while goods are 95.4. The median value of an owner-occupied home was $427,600 in 2025, $56,500 (15%) above the US figure ($371,100)²³. Among renters, 54.4% spent thirty percent or more of their income on housing, the 5th highest share (between 2nd and 15th²⁴ allowing for the margins of error). Once personal income is adjusted for prices, Arizona's figure of $52,890 per person is the 9th lowest²² among the states.

What percent of Arizona is Hispanic, white, Black and Asian

Hispanic or Latino residents, of any race, were 32.5% of the population in 2025, up from 32.1% in 2024. Non-Hispanic white residents were 50.2% (±0.1 percentage points), down from 51.2% in 2024. Smaller groups: non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native residents 3.4%, people of two or more races 4.7%, non-Hispanic Black residents 4.5% and non-Hispanic Asian residents 4.0%².

Single group (adds to 100%)Alone or in combination with other races

White, not Hispanic50.2% 76.2%

Hispanic or Latino (any race)32.5%

Two or more races, not Hispanic4.7%

Black, not Hispanic4.5% 7.0%

Asian, not Hispanic4.0% 5.8%

American Indian and Alaska Native, not Hispanic3.4% 6.5%

Some other race, not Hispanic0.5%

Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, not Hispanic0.2% 0.6%

Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B03002; Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B02009. The dark bars are mutually exclusive and add to 100%. The light bars count everyone who reported the race, alone or with another race and of any ethnicity, so they overlap and add to more than 100%.

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Group	Share (single group)	MOE	Alone or in combination
White, not Hispanic	50.2%	±0.1	76.2%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	32.5%		–
Two or more races, not Hispanic	4.7%	±0.2	–
Black, not Hispanic	4.5%	±0.1	7.0%
Asian, not Hispanic	4.0%	±0.1	5.8%
American Indian and Alaska Native, not Hispanic	3.4%	±0.1	6.5%
Some other race, not Hispanic	0.5%	±0.1	–
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, not Hispanic	0.2%		0.6%

Most Hispanic Arizonans are of Mexican origin. Over 2020–2024, 26.9% of all Arizonans reported Mexican origin, 15.6 percentage points above the US figure (11.3%). Other origins are small: Central American 0.9%, Puerto Rican 0.7% and Cuban 0.3%²⁶. Spanish is spoken at home by 18.9% of residents aged five and older, the 6th highest²⁷ share.

The non-Hispanic white share has fallen steadily: the survey shows it down from 60.2% in 2005¹³. The Census Bureau's estimates show the same direction, with the share down from 54.2% in 2020, the 11th lowest¹⁴ share among the states.

ArizonaUnited States

Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2005-2019 and 2021-2025. ACS 1-year estimates; no standard 1-year release for 2020. Shaded band: 90% margin of error.

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Year	Arizona	United States
2005	60.2% ±0.1	66.8% ±0.0
2006	59.5% ±0.0	66.2% ±0.0
2007	58.8% ±0.0	65.8% ±0.0
2008	58.2% ±0.0	65.4% ±0.0
2009	57.1% ±0.1	64.9% ±0.0
2010	57.7% ±0.0	63.7% ±0.0
2011	57.3% ±0.0	63.3% ±0.0
2012	56.9% ±0.0	62.8% ±0.0
2013	56.6% ±0.0	62.4% ±0.0
2014	56.1% ±0.0	61.9% ±0.0
2015	55.7% ±0.0	61.5% ±0.0
2016	55.3% ±0.0	61.1% ±0.0
2017	54.7% ±0.1	60.6% ±0.0
2018	54.3% ±0.0	60.2% ±0.0
2019	54.0% ±0.0	60.0% ±0.0
2021	52.0% ±0.1	58.1% ±0.0
2022	51.8% ±0.1	57.7% ±0.0
2023	52.3% ±0.1	57.1% ±0.0
2024	51.2% ±0.1	56.3% ±0.0
2025	50.2% ±0.1	55.0% ±0.0

Counting people who report a race alone or with another race, 7.0% of Arizonans are Black (7.5 percentage points below the US figure (14.5%)²⁵) and 5.8% are Asian (2.3 percentage points below the US figure (8.1%)²⁸). The largest Asian groups over 2020–2024 were Asian Indian (0.92% of residents), Filipino (0.67%) and Chinese, except Taiwanese (0.60%²⁹).

The Navajo Nation and other tribes

The 2020 Census counted 278,333 Arizonans who identified as American Indian alone, 12.9% of the national total and the 2nd largest number after Oklahoma. Including people who also reported another race, the count was 379,359³⁰. In the 2025 survey, 6.5% of residents were American Indian or Alaska Native alone or in combination, the 7th highest share and higher than California, Nevada and Utah; lower than New Mexico³¹.

The Navajo Nation is by far the largest tribal group, with 145,334 people reporting it alone or with other groups on April 1, 2020. Next come Cherokee (23,806), a general answer that covers several tribes, and the Tohono O'odham Nation of Arizona (19,407³⁰). The counts overlap and cannot be added up. Navajo is also spoken at home: 74,298 residents aged five and older used it in 2025 (±4,731), and 24.0%³² of them speak English less than "very well". On 2020–2024 figures, Arizona has more Navajo speakers than any other state (75,037), ahead of New Mexico (57,560³³).

A large, dry state with an urban population

Arizona has 113,655 square miles of land, the 6th largest area of any state, and almost no surface water: water covers 0.3% of its total area, the 2nd lowest³⁴ share. With 67.1 people per square mile, it is 31% below the US figure (96.7 people per square mile) and the 19th least densely populated³⁵ state.

Yet most residents live in towns and cities. At the 2020 Census, 89.3% of Arizonans lived in urban areas, the 9th highest share and 9.3 percentage points above the US figure (80.0%). Only 10.7%³⁶ lived in rural areas. Much of the housing is recent: 19.6% of homes were built in 2010 or later (4.7 percentage points above the US figure (14.9%)) and only 1.3%³⁷ before 1940.

Catholic parishes and Latter-day Saint wards

Arizona's two largest religious bodies are organized very differently. In the 2020 U.S. Religion Census the Catholic Church counted 1,522,410 adherents, 21.3% of residents, in 268 parishes. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints counted 436,521 members, 6.1% of residents and the 4th highest share among the states, in 932³⁸ wards and branches.

Mainline Protestant churches are small (1.6%, the 4th lowest share), and the mosque study estimated 109,765 people taking part in mosques. In all, 44.1%³⁸ of Arizonans were counted by a congregation, against 37.2%³⁹ in the 2010 study; more bodies were counted in 2020, so not all of that rise is real growth. See religion across the states for what the counts include.

Health coverage: more uninsured residents again

In 2025, 11.8% of Arizonans had no health insurance, 3.4 percentage points above the US figure (8.4%) and up from 10.3% in 2024. Ranked by point estimate, only Texas, Alaska and Oklahoma had higher shares. Among children the rate was 10.7%, up from 9.3% in 2024⁴⁰. The uninsured share is still lower than in the late 2000s: it is down from 18.7% in 2008¹³.

ArizonaUnited States

Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2005-2019 and 2021-2025. ACS 1-year estimates; no standard 1-year release for 2020. Shaded band: 90% margin of error.

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Year	Arizona	United States
2008	18.7% ±0.4	15.1% ±0.1
2009	17.3% ±0.3	15.1% ±0.0
2010	16.9% ±0.3	15.5% ±0.0
2011	17.2% ±0.3	15.1% ±0.0
2012	17.6% ±0.3	14.8% ±0.0
2013	17.1% ±0.3	14.5% ±0.0
2014	13.6% ±0.2	11.7% ±0.0
2015	10.8% ±0.2	9.4% ±0.0
2016	10.0% ±0.2	8.6% ±0.0
2017	10.1% ±0.2	8.7% ±0.0
2018	10.6% ±0.2	8.9% ±0.0
2019	11.3% ±0.2	9.2% ±0.0
2021	10.7% ±0.2	8.6% ±0.0
2022	10.3% ±0.2	8.0% ±0.0
2023	9.9% ±0.2	7.9% ±0.0
2024	10.3% ±0.3	8.2% ±0.0
2025	11.8% ±0.3	8.4% ±0.0

Medicaid and CHIP enrollment changed by −10.1% between June 2025 and June 2026 in CMS administrative counts, the 4th lowest⁴¹ change of any state. A baby born in Arizona in 2022 could expect to live 76.7 years, 0.8 years below the US figure (77.5 years)¹⁸. The age-adjusted rate of drug overdose deaths was 32.6 per 100,000, age-adjusted, 41% above the US figure (23.1 per 100,000, age-adjusted)⁴².

The lowest reported high school graduation rate

In the 2021–22 school year, 77% of Arizona public high school students graduated within four years of starting ninth grade. That is the lowest of the 48 states with published data (the District of Columbia is lower), as New Mexico and Oklahoma did not publish a rate for that year, 10.0 percentage points below the US figure (87%) and lower than every bordering state (California, Nevada and Utah)⁴³.

Colorado82%

Nevada82%

South Dakota82%

Wyoming82%

Michigan81%

Oregon81%

Idaho80%

Alaska78%

Arizona77%

District of Columbia76%

Source: Department of Education, NCES, Digest of Education Statistics 2023, Table 219.46. Period: 2021-22.

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State	Graduation rate
Colorado	82%
Nevada	82%
South Dakota	82%
Wyoming	82%
Michigan	81%
Oregon	81%
Idaho	80%
Alaska	78%
Arizona	77%
District of Columbia	76%

The schooling of adults looks different. These figures describe people living in Arizona, wherever they went to school. Among residents aged 25 and older, 90.5% have at least a high school diploma (not statistically different from the US figure (90.6%)). A bachelor's degree or higher is held by 34.3% (±0.5 percentage points), 3.1 percentage points below the US figure (37.4%)⁴⁴.

Immigrants, work and veterans

1,008,584 residents, 13.2% of the population, were born outside the United States, 1.5 percentage points below the US figure (14.7%). Most came from Latin America (59.2% of the foreign-born), then Asia (23.7%). The share of immigrants who are naturalized citizens is 51.7%, up from 47.9% in 2024¹⁰. In all, 25.3%²⁷ of residents aged five and older speak a language other than English at home.

Work from home is unusually common: 16.2% of workers did most of their work at home in 2025, the 3rd highest share and higher than every bordering state (California, Nevada, New Mexico and Utah)⁴⁵. A smaller share of adults is in the labor force than nationally: the Bureau of Labor Statistics puts participation at 62.1% for 2025, 0.3 percentage points below the US figure (62.4%)⁴⁶.

Arizona is home to 449,601 veterans aged 18 and older, 7.5% of adults, 1.6 percentage points above the US figure (5.9%)⁴⁷. Of these veterans, 33.5% served in the Vietnam era, 2.6 percentage points above the US figure (30.9%)⁴⁸.

Households are getting smaller. The average household had 2.45 people in 2025, down from 2.49 in 2024⁴⁹ and down from 2.58⁵⁰ at the 2020 Census. The state had 3,040,935 households, up from 2,982,475 in 2024⁵¹.