Poverty rate by state
Louisiana (18.1%) and Mississippi (18.0%) had the highest poverty rates in 2025, followed by West Virginia (16.0%). New Hampshire had the lowest, 6.2%, well below Utah (8.6%). Nationally, 11.8%1 of people lived below the poverty line.
Data as of October 29, 2026 (newest release used on this page).
Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B17001; Census Bureau, 2024 Cartographic Boundary Files. Darker states are higher; DC is the dot. Period: 2025.
| 1 | Louisiana | 18.1% | ±0.8 | 1st–2nd | Higher | Not significant | 25.2% | 15.5% | 8.9% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | Mississippi | 18.0% | ±0.7 | 1st–2nd | Higher | Not significant | 24.6% | 14.0% | 8.6% |
| 3 | West Virginia | 16.0% | ±0.8 | 3rd–7th | Higher | Not significant | 19.0% | 13.3% | 7.9% |
| =4 | District of Columbia | 15.9% | ±1.9 | 3rd–9th | Higher | Not significant | 24.5% | 17.8% | 9.2% |
| =4 | Kentucky | 15.9% | ±0.5 | 3rd–6th | Higher | Not significant | 19.8% | 13.1% | 7.4% |
| 6 | New Mexico | 15.5% | ±0.8 | 3rd–8th | Higher | Not significant | 19.2% | 13.5% | 7.8% |
| 7 | Arkansas | 15.0% | ±0.7 | 4th–9th | Higher | Not significant | 20.1% | 12.8% | 7.1% |
| 8 | Alabama | 14.7% | ±0.6 | 5th–9th | Higher | Not significant | 19.8% | 12.0% | 7.4% |
| 9 | Oklahoma | 14.4% | ±0.5 | 6th–9th | Higher | Not significant | 18.5% | 11.6% | 6.7% |
| 10 | New York | 13.8% | ±0.3 | 10th–11th | Higher | Not significant | 17.9% | 14.1% | 7.2% |
| 11 | South Carolina | 13.3% | ±0.5 | 10th–11th | Higher | Not significant | 17.6% | 11.3% | 6.3% |
| 12 | Texas | 12.7% | ±0.3 | 12th–17th | Higher | −0.7% | 16.7% | 12.2% | 6.1% |
| =13 | Michigan | 12.6% | ±0.4 | 12th–18th | Higher | −0.8% | 16.5% | 10.7% | 6.2% |
| =13 | Tennessee | 12.6% | ±0.4 | 12th–18th | Higher | −0.9% | 16.5% | 11.5% | 5.6% |
| 15 | Ohio | 12.4% | ±0.3 | 12th–19th | Higher | Not significant | 16.4% | 10.7% | 5.9% |
| 16 | Georgia | 12.3% | ±0.4 | 12th–21st | Higher | Not significant | 16.6% | 12.2% | 5.7% |
| 17 | North Carolina | 12.1% | ±0.4 | 13th–23rd | Not significant | Not significant | 15.8% | 10.9% | 5.9% |
| 18 | Indiana | 11.9% | ±0.4 | 15th–26th | Not significant | Not significant | 15.0% | 9.8% | 5.8% |
| =19 | Arizona | 11.8% | ±0.5 | 16th–27th | Not significant | Not significant | 14.3% | 10.5% | 6.1% |
| =19 | South Dakota | 11.8% | ±0.9 | 12th–30th | Not significant | +1.4% | 15.1% | 11.0% | 6.0% |
| 21 | Oregon | 11.7% | ±0.6 | 16th–30th | Not significant | Not significant | 13.4% | 10.0% | 6.1% |
| =22 | Illinois | 11.5% | ±0.3 | 18th–30th | Not significant | Not significant | 14.2% | 10.5% | 6.1% |
| =22 | Missouri | 11.5% | ±0.4 | 18th–30th | Not significant | −0.8% | 13.7% | 10.9% | 5.4% |
| =24 | California | 11.4% | ±0.2 | 19th–30th | Lower | −0.4% | 13.8% | 11.9% | 5.9% |
| =24 | Nevada | 11.4% | ±0.6 | 17th–31st | Not significant | Not significant | 15.7% | 10.3% | 5.8% |
| =26 | Florida | 11.2% | ±0.3 | 20th–31st | Lower | −0.8% | 13.9% | 12.1% | 5.6% |
| =26 | Pennsylvania | 11.2% | ±0.3 | 20th–31st | Lower | Not significant | 14.4% | 10.5% | 5.4% |
| 28 | Montana | 11.1% | ±0.8 | 18th–35th | Not significant | Not significant | 11.9% | 10.5% | 4.7% |
| =29 | Alaska | 11.0% | ±1.2 | 17th–40th | Not significant | Not significant | 15.4% | 7.0% | 5.1% |
| =29 | Iowa | 11.0% | ±0.5 | 20th–32nd | Lower | Not significant | 11.9% | 10.1% | 5.4% |
| =31 | Washington | 10.3% | ±0.4 | 29th–40th | Lower | Not significant | 12.7% | 9.9% | 5.8% |
| =31 | Wisconsin | 10.3% | ±0.4 | 29th–40th | Lower | Not significant | 12.4% | 10.2% | 5.2% |
| =33 | Kansas | 10.2% | ±0.5 | 29th–41st | Lower | Not significant | 11.8% | 9.0% | 4.7% |
| =33 | Nebraska | 10.2% | ±0.7 | 28th–44th | Lower | Not significant | 12.1% | 8.8% | 5.0% |
| 35 | Wyoming | 10.1% | ±1.2 | 25th–48th | Lower | Not significant | 9.9% | 8.0% | 4.4% |
| 36 | Maine | 9.9% | ±0.6 | 30th–47th | Lower | Not significant | 10.7% | 9.9% | 4.9% |
| 37 | Massachusetts | 9.8% | ±0.4 | 30th–46th | Lower | Not significant | 11.1% | 10.5% | 4.9% |
| 38 | Idaho | 9.7% | ±0.7 | 30th–48th | Lower | Not significant | 11.0% | 9.1% | 4.7% |
| 39 | Maryland | 9.6% | ±0.4 | 33rd–47th | Lower | Not significant | 12.0% | 10.5% | 5.3% |
| =40 | Delaware | 9.5% | ±1.1 | 30th–50th | Lower | Not significant | 11.7% | 8.8% | 5.1% |
| =40 | Rhode Island | 9.5% | ±1.0 | 30th–50th | Lower | −2.7% | 11.9% | 10.5% | 4.7% |
| 42 | Virginia | 9.4% | ±0.4 | 34th–48th | Lower | Not significant | 11.0% | 9.1% | 4.8% |
| 43 | Hawaii | 9.3% | ±0.7 | 34th–50th | Lower | Not significant | 10.9% | 9.4% | 5.6% |
| =44 | Colorado | 9.2% | ±0.4 | 36th–50th | Lower | Not significant | 10.0% | 9.8% | 5.1% |
| =44 | Vermont | 9.2% | ±0.8 | 34th–50th | Lower | Not significant | 9.9% | 8.5% | 4.6% |
| 46 | Connecticut | 9.1% | ±0.6 | 35th–50th | Lower | −1.1% | 11.3% | 8.7% | 4.5% |
| =47 | Minnesota | 9.0% | ±0.4 | 38th–50th | Lower | Not significant | 10.0% | 8.1% | 4.4% |
| =47 | North Dakota | 9.0% | ±0.9 | 35th–50th | Lower | −2.1% | 7.5% | 9.4% | 4.8% |
| 49 | New Jersey | 8.7% | ±0.4 | 41st–50th | Lower | Not significant | 10.6% | 10.0% | 4.3% |
| 50 | Utah | 8.6% | ±0.6 | 41st–50th | Lower | Not significant | 8.6% | 10.3% | 4.1% |
| 51 | New Hampshire | 6.2% | ±0.6 | 51st | Lower | −1.0% | 7.5% | 7.0% | 3.2% |
| United States | 11.8% | ±0.1 | 14.8% | 11.2% | 5.9% |
Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B17001; Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table C17002. Period: 2025. "=" marks a tie at the displayed precision. Rank range: the ranks consistent with the 90% margins of error (Census Bureau method). "Compared with US" and changes use the Census Bureau significance test at 90% confidence; "Not significant" means the difference is within the margins of error.
Louisiana and Mississippi at the top
Louisiana had the highest poverty rate in 2025, 18.1% (±0.8 percentage points), and Mississippi the second highest, 18.0% (±0.7 percentage points). The two figures are survey estimates whose margins overlap: Louisiana's rate is higher than Arkansas and Texas; not statistically different from Mississippi, and both states rank between 1st and 2nd1. Treat them as joint first.
Behind them comes a group that cannot be put in a firm order. West Virginia (16.0%), the District of Columbia (15.9%), Kentucky (15.9%) and New Mexico (15.5%) all fall within each other's ranges; Kentucky, for example, ranks between 3rd and 6th. Arkansas, Alabama and Oklahoma follow, down to 14.4%. New York (13.8%1) is tenth and the only Northeastern state in the top ten; all the others except New Mexico are in the Census South region.
Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B17001. Whiskers show the 90% margin of error; states whose whiskers overlap may not differ significantly. Period: 2025.
Show the numbers
| State | Poverty rate | MOE |
|---|---|---|
| Louisiana | 18.1% | ±0.8 |
| Mississippi | 18.0% | ±0.7 |
| West Virginia | 16.0% | ±0.8 |
| District of Columbia | 15.9% | ±1.9 |
| Kentucky | 15.9% | ±0.5 |
| New Mexico | 15.5% | ±0.8 |
| Arkansas | 15.0% | ±0.7 |
| Alabama | 14.7% | ±0.6 |
| Oklahoma | 14.4% | ±0.5 |
| New York | 13.8% | ±0.3 |
| South Carolina | 13.3% | ±0.5 |
| Texas | 12.7% | ±0.3 |
| United States | 11.8% | ±0.1 |
In all, 16 states, counting DC, have rates significantly above the national 11.8%, and 25 are significantly below it. The rest cannot be told apart from the US figure. The median state is at 11.2%1, lower than the national rate.
New Hampshire stands apart at the bottom
New Hampshire's rate of 6.2% (±0.6 percentage points) is the lowest in the nation and 5.6 percentage points below the US figure (11.8%). It is lower than every bordering state (Maine, Massachusetts and Vermont), and it fell from 7.2% the year before. The gap to the next state is wide: the next lowest are Utah (8.6%) and New Jersey (8.7%), then North Dakota and Minnesota (both 9.0%1).
The low end is spread across regions. Connecticut, Vermont, Colorado, Hawaii and Virginia all have rates between 9.1% and 9.4%1.
A Southern band, with exceptions in every region
The South holds most of the highest rates, but it also contains Virginia (9.4%), 2.4 percentage points below the US figure (11.8%). Each region has its own high point: New Mexico in the West (15.5%), New York in the Northeast (13.8%) and Michigan in the Midwest (12.6%). The Midwest has the narrowest range; its lowest state is North Dakota (9.0%1).
Adjusted for housing costs, California and Florida move up
The official poverty line is the same dollar amount in every state. The Census Bureau's guidance notes that the official thresholds do not vary geographically and that income is counted before taxes, without noncash benefits such as food stamps or housing subsidies. The Supplemental Poverty Measure adjusts its thresholds for differences in housing costs between places, subtracts taxes and work expenses and adds noncash benefits. Unlike the official thresholds, its thresholds are not intended to decide eligibility for government programs.
State supplemental rates come from a different survey, the Current Population Survey, averaged over 2023–2025. To compare like with like, the table puts them next to the official rate from the same survey, alongside the American Community Survey rate used in the main ranking and the BEA price level.
| Louisiana | 18.1% ±0.8 | 19.6% ±1.5 | 19.0% ±1.4 | 88.2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 11.4% ±0.2 | 10.7% ±0.5 | 17.8% ±0.6 | 110.7 |
| Mississippi | 18.0% ±0.7 | 17.6% ±1.2 | 16.8% ±1.4 | 87.0 |
| Florida | 11.2% ±0.3 | 11.3% ±0.7 | 16.4% ±0.9 | 103.4 |
| Nevada | 11.4% ±0.6 | 11.8% ±1.2 | 15.3% ±1.5 | 100.0 |
| New York | 13.8% ±0.3 | 10.9% ±0.8 | 15.1% ±0.9 | 107.9 |
| Kentucky | 15.9% ±0.5 | 13.7% ±1.6 | 13.2% ±1.6 | 90.2 |
| New Mexico | 15.5% ±0.8 | 16.0% ±2.6 | 13.2% ±1.5 | 92.2 |
| West Virginia | 16.0% ±0.8 | 13.5% ±1.5 | 12.1% ±1.6 | 89.5 |
| New Hampshire | 6.2% ±0.6 | 5.4% ±0.9 | 8.0% ±1.3 | 104.2 |
| Maine | 9.9% ±0.6 | 7.5% ±1.1 | 6.4% ±1.1 | 97.1 |
| United States | 11.8% ±0.1 | 10.7% ±0.2 | 13.0% ±0.2 | 100.0 |
Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B17001; Census Bureau, Poverty in the United States; BEA, SARPP Regional Price Parities by state. ± is the 90% margin of error.
The order changes. Louisiana is still first (19.0%), but California is second: its rate is 10.7% on the official measure from the same survey and 17.8% on the supplemental one, 4.8 percentage points above the US figure (13.0%). Florida rises the same way, from 11.3% to 16.4%, and Nevada (15.3%4) also enters the top ten. Prices in California are 11% above the US figure (100.0) and in Florida 3% above the US figure (100.0); Nevada's price level is at the national average (100.05).
States with low price levels move the other way. West Virginia has an official rate of 13.5% in this survey and a supplemental rate of 12.1%, not statistically different from the US figure (13.0%). Maine has the lowest supplemental rate in the country, 6.4%, while New Hampshire1, lowest on the official measure, is tied for 5th lowest (8.0%). Nationally, the supplemental rate is 13.0% against an official 10.7%4.
Source: Census Bureau, Poverty in the United States. Whiskers show the 90% margin of error; states whose whiskers overlap may not differ significantly. Period: 2023-2025.
Show the numbers
| State | SPM rate | MOE |
|---|---|---|
| Louisiana | 19.0% | ±1.4 |
| California | 17.8% | ±0.6 |
| Mississippi | 16.8% | ±1.4 |
| Florida | 16.4% | ±0.9 |
| District of Columbia | 15.7% | ±1.5 |
| Nevada | 15.3% | ±1.5 |
| New York | 15.1% | ±0.9 |
| Alabama | 14.4% | ±1.3 |
| Texas | 14.4% | ±0.6 |
| Georgia | 14.0% | ±1.2 |
| Arizona | 13.7% | ±1.2 |
| North Carolina | 13.5% | ±1.2 |
| Kentucky | 13.2% | ±1.6 |
| New Mexico | 13.2% | ±1.5 |
| United States | 13.0% | ±0.2 |
| Arkansas | 12.8% | ±1.4 |
| Massachusetts | 12.5% | ±1.0 |
| New Jersey | 12.1% | ±1.0 |
| West Virginia | 12.1% | ±1.6 |
| Hawaii | 11.7% | ±1.3 |
| Illinois | 11.6% | ±0.9 |
| Oklahoma | 11.1% | ±1.3 |
| South Carolina | 11.1% | ±1.2 |
| Tennessee | 11.1% | ±1.1 |
| Oregon | 11.0% | ±1.0 |
| Maryland | 10.9% | ±1.4 |
| Colorado | 10.8% | ±1.5 |
| Pennsylvania | 10.7% | ±1.0 |
| Michigan | 10.6% | ±1.2 |
| Rhode Island | 10.6% | ±1.4 |
| Virginia | 10.6% | ±1.2 |
| Washington | 10.5% | ±1.3 |
| Alaska | 10.4% | ±1.3 |
| Connecticut | 10.4% | ±1.4 |
| Indiana | 10.3% | ±1.2 |
| Ohio | 9.9% | ±1.0 |
| Utah | 9.9% | ±1.1 |
| Montana | 9.5% | ±1.6 |
| Idaho | 9.4% | ±1.0 |
| Missouri | 9.4% | ±1.3 |
| Delaware | 8.9% | ±1.3 |
| North Dakota | 8.9% | ±1.1 |
| Vermont | 8.9% | ±1.2 |
| Wyoming | 8.7% | ±1.1 |
| Iowa | 8.3% | ±1.1 |
| Kansas | 8.1% | ±1.0 |
| New Hampshire | 8.0% | ±1.3 |
| South Dakota | 8.0% | ±1.1 |
| Minnesota | 7.9% | ±1.0 |
| Wisconsin | 7.9% | ±1.2 |
| Nebraska | 7.5% | ±1.0 |
| Maine | 6.4% | ±1.1 |
Children, older residents and the poorest of the poor
Child poverty runs higher than the overall rate: 14.8% of children under 18 nationally. Louisiana (25.2%), Mississippi (24.6%) and the District of Columbia (24.5%) are highest, each ranking between 1st and 3rd. At the bottom, North Dakota and New Hampshire are tied at 7.5%. North Dakota's child rate is down from 12.8% in 20241.
Poverty among people 65 and older follows a different map. The District of Columbia is highest (17.8%), and Texas and Georgia, which rank 12th highest and 16th highest overall, are in the top ten for older residents. New Hampshire and Alaska are lowest, both at 7.0%1.
Deep poverty, income below half of the poverty line, affects 5.9% of people nationally. It is highest in the District of Columbia (9.2%), Louisiana (8.9%) and Mississippi (8.6%), and lowest in New Hampshire (3.2%). A wider band, income below twice the poverty line, covers 26.5% of Americans and ranges from 15.3% in New Hampshire to 38.6% in Mississippi2.
The largest numbers are in the largest states
Rates and numbers rank states differently. 39.3 million people were below the poverty line in 2025. California had 4.4 million of them and Texas 3.9 million, although California's rate is 0.4 percentage points below the US figure (11.8%). Louisiana, with the highest rate, had 813,0001.
| California | 4,397,101 ±64,515 | 11.4% ±0.2 |
|---|---|---|
| Texas | 3,944,498 ±84,245 | 12.7% ±0.3 |
| New York | 2,686,029 ±58,223 | 13.8% ±0.3 |
| Florida | 2,563,194 ±66,139 | 11.2% ±0.3 |
| Ohio | 1,437,642 ±34,404 | 12.4% ±0.3 |
| Illinois | 1,424,283 ±38,758 | 11.5% ±0.3 |
| Pennsylvania | 1,419,062 ±39,726 | 11.2% ±0.3 |
| Louisiana | 812,681 ±37,572 | 18.1% ±0.8 |
| Mississippi | 516,582 ±21,287 | 18.0% ±0.7 |
| New Hampshire | 84,687 ±7,755 | 6.2% ±0.6 |
Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B17001. ± is the 90% margin of error.
Change since 2024 and since 2005
The national rate fell to 11.8%, down from 12.1% in 2024. Among states, the drop was statistically significant in Texas (down from 13.4% in 2024), Tennessee (down from 13.5% in 2024), Michigan, Missouri, California, Florida, Connecticut, Rhode Island, North Dakota and New Hampshire. South Dakota is the exception: its rate rose to 11.8%, up from 10.4% in 20241. In every other state the change from 2024 is not statistically significant.
Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2005-2019 and 2021-2025. ACS 1-year estimates; no standard 1-year release for 2020. Shaded band: 90% margin of error.
Show the numbers
| Year | Louisiana | Mississippi | New Hampshire | United States |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 | 19.8% ±0.6 | 21.3% ±0.6 | 7.5% ±0.6 | 13.3% ±0.1 |
| 2006 | 19.0% ±0.6 | 21.1% ±0.7 | 8.0% ±0.6 | 13.3% ±0.1 |
| 2007 | 18.6% ±0.5 | 20.6% ±0.7 | 7.1% ±0.6 | 13.0% ±0.1 |
| 2008 | 17.3% ±0.6 | 21.2% ±0.9 | 7.6% ±0.6 | 13.2% ±0.1 |
| 2009 | 17.3% ±0.5 | 21.9% ±0.6 | 8.5% ±0.6 | 14.3% ±0.1 |
| 2010 | 18.7% ±0.5 | 22.4% ±0.8 | 8.3% ±0.6 | 15.3% ±0.1 |
| 2011 | 20.4% ±0.5 | 22.6% ±0.7 | 8.8% ±0.7 | 15.9% ±0.1 |
| 2012 | 19.9% ±0.5 | 24.2% ±0.8 | 10.0% ±0.8 | 15.9% ±0.1 |
| 2013 | 19.8% ±0.5 | 24.0% ±0.8 | 8.7% ±0.7 | 15.8% ±0.1 |
| 2014 | 19.8% ±0.5 | 21.5% ±0.6 | 9.2% ±0.6 | 15.5% ±0.1 |
| 2015 | 19.6% ±0.5 | 22.0% ±0.7 | 8.2% ±0.7 | 14.7% ±0.1 |
| 2016 | 20.2% ±0.6 | 20.8% ±0.7 | 7.3% ±0.6 | 14.0% ±0.1 |
| 2017 | 19.7% ±0.6 | 19.8% ±0.5 | 7.7% ±0.6 | 13.4% ±0.1 |
| 2018 | 18.6% ±0.5 | 19.7% ±0.6 | 7.6% ±0.5 | 13.1% ±0.1 |
| 2019 | 19.0% ±0.6 | 19.6% ±0.8 | 7.3% ±0.6 | 12.3% ±0.1 |
| 2021 | 19.6% ±0.7 | 19.4% ±0.6 | 7.2% ±0.5 | 12.8% ±0.1 |
| 2022 | 18.6% ±0.5 | 19.1% ±0.6 | 7.2% ±0.5 | 12.6% ±0.1 |
| 2023 | 18.9% ±0.6 | 18.0% ±0.8 | 7.2% ±0.6 | 12.5% ±0.1 |
| 2024 | 18.7% ±0.6 | 17.8% ±0.8 | 7.2% ±0.6 | 12.1% ±0.1 |
| 2025 | 18.1% ±0.8 | 18.0% ±0.7 | 6.2% ±0.6 | 11.8% ±0.1 |
Over two decades the national rate went from 13.3% in 2005 to 15.9% in 2011 and 2012, and it has been lower in every published year since. Mississippi's rate is down from 21.3% in 2005, Louisiana's down from 19.8% in 2005 and West Virginia's down from 18.0% in 2005. New York's is not statistically different from 13.8% in 20056.
How to read these rankings
- One line for every state. The official thresholds do not vary by place, so a given family income counts the same in Mississippi and Massachusetts. The supplemental measure above is the Census Bureau's cost-adjusted alternative.
- Not everyone is counted. Poverty status is not determined for people in prisons, nursing homes, college dormitories or military barracks, or for unrelated children under 15 such as foster children, as the Census Bureau's guidance explains. Rates are shares of the remaining population.
- Two surveys, two numbers. The ranking uses the American Community Survey for 2025. The supplemental rates use the Current Population Survey averaged over three years; do not subtract one survey's rate from the other's.
- DC is a city. The District of Columbia is ranked with the states but has no suburbs or rural areas to average in.
- Use the rank ranges. Many states are within a few tenths of a point of each other. The rank range in the table shows every position a state could hold given the 90% margins of error.
Questions about poverty by state
What is the poorest state in the US?
By the official poverty rate, Louisiana (18.1% in 2025) and Mississippi (18.0%1). The two are within each other's margins of error, so either could be first. Louisiana also has the highest rate on the Census Bureau's supplemental measure, which adjusts for housing costs (19.0%4, 2023–2025 average).
Is West Virginia one of the poorest states?
On the official measure, yes: 16.0% of residents were below the poverty line in 2025, 3rd highest and 4.2 percentage points above the US figure (11.8%)1. On the supplemental measure, which adjusts for local housing costs, its rate of 12.1% was not statistically different from the US figure (13.0%)4.
Which state has the lowest poverty rate?
New Hampshire, at 6.2% (±0.6 percentage points) in 2025, the lowest in the nation1. On the supplemental measure, the lowest rate is in Maine (6.4%4).
How many Americans live in poverty?
39.3 million people in 2025 (±277,365), or 11.8%1 of the people for whom poverty status is determined, according to the American Community Survey.
Related rankings
Sources
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B17001; 2025; released October 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table C17002; 2025; released October 29, 2026. data.census.gov
- Census Bureau, 2024 Cartographic Boundary Files; table cb_2024_us_state_20m; 2024; released April 10, 2025. www2.census.gov
- Census Bureau, Poverty in the United States; CPS ASEC 2024-2026 (calendar years 2023, 2024, 2025); released September 15, 2026. www2.census.gov
- BEA, SARPP Regional Price Parities by state; 2024; released February 19, 2026. apps.bea.gov
- Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2005-2019 and 2021-2025; 2005-2025 (no standard 2020 1-year release); released October 29, 2026. api.census.gov
Margins of error (±) are at the 90% confidence level. A difference is called significant only when it passes the Census Bureau's test at that level. How every figure is built: methodology. Found an error? Write to [email protected]; corrections are listed on the updates page.