Arkansas population: low prices, low incomes and growth from other states

3.1 million residents, and a mid-century dip

Arkansas reached its highest population on record in 2025, at 3,114,791¹. The road there was not a straight line. The census counted 1,949,387 residents in 1940, then fewer in 1950 (1,909,511) and fewer again in 1960 (1,786,272). The state did not pass its 1940 count until the 1980 Census, which found 2,286,435⁹.

Arkansas also slipped in the national order. It ranked 24th of 51 in 1940 and 33rd of 51⁹ in 1980, and it has stayed close to that position since: 33rd of 51⁶ in 2020. Today's population is 1.6 times the 1950 count and 1.2 times¹ the count of 2000.

Source: Census Bureau, Historical Census Statistics on Population Totals by Race, 1790 to 1990; Census Bureau, 2020 Census apportionment results and historical resident population 1910-2020; Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025. Census counts every ten years (April 1); estimates for July 1 after 2020.

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Year	Arkansas
1810	1,062
1820	14,273
1830	30,388
1840	97,574
1850	209,897
1860	435,450
1870	484,471
1880	802,525
1890	1,128,211
1900	1,311,564
1910	1,574,449
1920	1,752,204
1930	1,854,482
1940	1,949,387
1950	1,909,511
1960	1,786,272
1970	1,923,295
1980	2,286,435
1990	2,350,725
2000	2,673,400
2010	2,915,918
2020	3,011,524
2021	3,027,127
2022	3,047,429
2023	3,069,856
2024	3,096,080
2025	3,114,791

The lowest price level of any state

The Bureau of Economic Analysis compares prices across states with an index called regional price parity, where the US average is 100. Arkansas scored 86.9 in 2024, the least expensive in the nation and less expensive than every bordering state (Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas). The margin over Mississippi (87.0) is small, but goods prices alone are also the least expensive in the nation, at 93.6¹⁰.

Rent is where the gap is widest. The BEA price level for housing rents was 58.2, 42% below the US figure (100.6) and the 3rd least expensive¹⁰ in the country. The American Community Survey (ACS) tells the same story in dollars: the median gross rent was $1,055 a month in 2025, $502 (32%) below the US figure ($1,557)¹¹, and the median value of an owner-occupied home was $228,400, $142,700 (38%) below the US figure ($371,100)¹².

Kansas90.1

West Virginia89.5

North Dakota89.0

Alabama88.8

South Dakota88.6

Louisiana88.2

Oklahoma87.8

Iowa87.8

Mississippi87.0

Arkansas86.9

Source: BEA, SARPP Regional Price Parities by state. Period: 2024.

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State	Price level (US = 100)
Kansas	90.1
West Virginia	89.5
North Dakota	89.0
Alabama	88.8
South Dakota	88.6
Louisiana	88.2
Oklahoma	87.8
Iowa	87.8
Mississippi	87.0
Arkansas	86.9

Low incomes, partly offset by low prices

Half of Arkansas households had income above $65,588 in 2025 and half below (±$976). That is $19,192 (23%) below the US figure ($84,780), and up from $63,740 in 2024 (in 2025 dollars). Within the margins of error, Arkansas ranks between 47th and 49th among the states and DC; the two lowest medians are in Mississippi ($59,346) and West Virginia ($61,340). The Arkansas figure is higher than Mississippi; lower than Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas; not statistically different from Louisiana⁴. Median family income, $81,450, is the 3rd lowest¹³.

Prices change the comparison. BEA personal income per person was $61,697 in 2025, $15,331 (20%) below the US figure ($77,028). Adjusted for state price levels, the 2024 figure was $55,219, $3,976 (7%) below the US figure ($59,195). A gap of a fifth in dollars becomes a gap of less than a tenth in purchasing power, and the rank moves from 5th lowest¹⁴ to 14th lowest¹⁰.

ArkansasUnited States

Under $25,00018.2% 14.0%

$25,000–$49,99920.4% 15.4%

$50,000–$99,99930.8% 27.8%

$100,000–$199,99922.5% 28.0%

$200,000 or more8.1% 14.8%

Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B19001. Share of households in each band of income in the past 12 months, in 2025 dollars.

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Household income	Arkansas	MOE	United States
Under $25,000	18.2%	±0.7	14.0%
$25,000–$49,999	20.4%	±0.8	15.4%
$50,000–$99,999	30.8%	±0.9	27.8%
$100,000–$199,999	22.5%	±0.8	28.0%
$200,000 or more	8.1%	±0.4	14.8%

The income distribution sits lower than the nation's at both ends. Households under $25,000 make up 18.2%, 4.2 percentage points above the US figure (14.0%); households at $200,000 or more make up 8.1%, the 3rd lowest¹⁵. Tax data add a detail the survey cannot show. Only 2.6 per 1,000 tax returns reported income of $1 million or more in 2023, 48% below the US figure (5.0 per 1,000 tax returns). Yet those returns accounted for 17.2% of all income on Arkansas returns, the 10th highest share and 0.6 percentage points above the US figure (16.6%)¹⁶: few very high earners, holding a large slice of the total.

Poverty, SNAP and Medicaid: what share of Arkansas gets help

The official poverty rate was 15.0% in 2025 (±0.7 percentage points), 3.2 percentage points above the US figure (11.8%) and not statistically different from 15.5% in 2024. The margins of error place the state between 4th and 9th among the states and DC. Children are the most affected group: 20.1% of Arkansans under 18 lived below the poverty line, the 4th highest⁵ rate. Counting everyone with income below twice the poverty line, the share is 34.8%, the 4th highest¹⁷.

Poverty has eased over two decades. The 2025 rate is down from 17.2% in 2005; in between, the ACS rate reached 19.8%¹⁸ in 2012. The Census Bureau's Supplemental Poverty Measure, which counts taxes and benefits and adjusts the poverty line for local housing costs, averaged 12.8% over 2023 to 2025, not statistically different from the US figure (13.0%)¹⁹. On that measure, Arkansas's poverty rate is in line with the nation's.

ArkansasUnited States

Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2005-2019 and 2021-2025. ACS 1-year estimates; no standard 1-year release for 2020. Shaded band: 90% margin of error.

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Year	Arkansas	United States
2005	17.2% ±0.6	13.3% ±0.1
2006	17.3% ±0.6	13.3% ±0.1
2007	17.9% ±0.6	13.0% ±0.1
2008	17.3% ±0.7	13.2% ±0.1
2009	18.8% ±0.6	14.3% ±0.1
2010	18.8% ±0.6	15.3% ±0.1
2011	19.5% ±0.6	15.9% ±0.1
2012	19.8% ±0.6	15.9% ±0.1
2013	19.7% ±0.6	15.8% ±0.1
2014	18.9% ±0.5	15.5% ±0.1
2015	19.1% ±0.6	14.7% ±0.1
2016	17.2% ±0.6	14.0% ±0.1
2017	16.4% ±0.6	13.4% ±0.1
2018	17.2% ±0.7	13.1% ±0.1
2019	16.2% ±0.6	12.3% ±0.1
2021	16.3% ±0.7	12.8% ±0.1
2022	16.8% ±0.7	12.6% ±0.1
2023	15.7% ±0.6	12.5% ±0.1
2024	15.5% ±0.6	12.1% ±0.1
2025	15.0% ±0.7	11.8% ±0.1

There is no official count of people "on welfare"; each program counts its own participants. The two largest are SNAP food benefits and Medicaid.

• SNAP, program records. The US Department of Agriculture counted 240,378 participants in an average month of fiscal year 2025, in 126,916 households. That is 7.7% of the population, 4.6 percentage points below the US figure (12.3%) and lower than every bordering state (Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas). The average benefit was $175.15 per person a month, lower than every bordering state (Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas)²⁰.
• SNAP, survey answers. In the 2025 ACS, 8.5% of households said they had received SNAP at some point in the past 12 months, 3.0 percentage points below the US figure (11.5%). Among households below the poverty line, though, 54.9% received it, 12.9 percentage points above the US figure (42.0%). Of the households receiving SNAP, 46.5% included children under 18 (4.2 percentage points above the US figure (42.3%)) and 39.0% included someone 60 or older (6.1 percentage points below the US figure (45.1%)²¹).
• Medicaid and CHIP, program records. In June 2026, 779,417 people were enrolled, 25.0% of residents and 3.5 percentage points above the US figure (21.5%). Children accounted for 400,518 of them. Since June 2025, when enrollment stood at 821,198, it has changed by −5.1%, 0.7 percentage points above the US figure (−5.8%)²².
• Public coverage, survey answers. In the 2025 ACS, 19.4% of residents reported Medicaid or another means-tested plan, including 43.7% of children under 19. Counting Medicare and VA care as well, 40.0% had public health coverage, the 8th highest²³ share.

The program counts and the survey answers measure different things (a monthly average against "at any time in the year"; records against self-reports), so they are listed separately. In the program records, SNAP reaches a smaller share of residents than nationally. In the survey, it reaches a larger share of poor households than nationally. Medicaid and CHIP records cover a quarter of residents.

Growth comes from other states

Arkansas had 103,261 more residents on July 1, 2025 than on April 1, 2020. Net moves from other states supplied 83,544 people and net arrivals from abroad 31,766. Births and deaths pulled the other way: 198,335 deaths against 185,644 births, for a natural change of −12,691. Arkansas is one of 20 states that recorded more deaths than births between April 2020 and June 2025¹.

Births+185,644

Deaths−198,335

Net domestic migration+83,544

Net international migration+31,766

Residual (estimation adjustment)+642

Total change+103,261

Source: Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025. Each bar starts where the previous one ended. The residual is the part of the change the Census Bureau cannot assign to a component.

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Component	People
Births	185,644
Deaths	−198,335
Net domestic migration	83,544
Net international migration	31,766
Residual (estimation adjustment)	642
Total change	103,261

Deaths outnumber births even though Arkansas has a relatively high birth rate. In the year to June 2025 its birth rate was 11.4 per 1,000 residents, 7% above the US figure (10.6 per 1,000 residents). Its death rate was higher still: 11.8 per 1,000 residents, the 4th highest in the country and 30% above the US figure (9.1 per 1,000 residents). The gap has narrowed since 2021. Births minus deaths came to −5,192 in the year to June 2021 and −1,224¹ in the year to June 2025.

Movers from other states accounted for 77% of the growth between July 2024 and July 2025. Net domestic migration was 4.7 per 1,000 residents in the latest year, the 8th highest rate and higher than Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma and Texas; lower than Tennessee. Arrivals from abroad are a smaller part of the picture: 1.8 per 1,000 residents, 52% below the US figure (3.7 per 1,000 residents) and lower than every bordering state (Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas)¹.

The ACS migration flows for 2024 estimate 62,808 people moving in from other states (±6,425) and 56,414 moving out (±6,786). The net gain of 6,394 carries a margin of error of ±9,345²⁴, so the survey alone cannot confirm it; the population estimates and IRS address changes (11,211²⁵ more people on tax returns moving in than out in 2022–23) both point to a gain. Over a third of residents, 34.8%, were born in another state, 7.8 percentage points above the US figure (27.0%)²⁶.

Moved to Arkansas from

Texas10,842 ±2,476

Florida4,434 ±1,771

Missouri4,434 ±1,780

New Mexico3,624 ±2,000

Oklahoma3,227 ±1,098

Louisiana3,183 ±1,163

Tennessee2,579 ±1,147

Iowa2,411 ±1,330

Left Arkansas for

Texas9,063 ±3,256

Oklahoma5,998 ±1,642

Missouri5,767 ±1,955

Mississippi5,010 ±2,899

Florida4,633 ±2,564

Tennessee3,503 ±1,498

Louisiana3,011 ±1,213

California2,462 ±1,049

Source: Census Bureau, State-to-State Migration Flows, 2024. People aged 1 and over who lived in another state a year earlier (and the reverse). Survey estimates: whiskers show the 90% margin of error.

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State	Moved in from	Moved out to
Texas	10,842 ±2,476	9,063 ±3,256
Florida	4,434 ±1,771	4,633 ±2,564
Missouri	4,434 ±1,780	5,767 ±1,955
New Mexico	3,624 ±2,000	–
Oklahoma	3,227 ±1,098	5,998 ±1,642
Louisiana	3,183 ±1,163	3,011 ±1,213
Tennessee	2,579 ±1,147	3,503 ±1,498
Iowa	2,411 ±1,330	–
Mississippi	2,005 ±1,159	5,010 ±2,899
California	–	2,462 ±1,049

What percent of Arkansas is white, Black and Hispanic

Non-Hispanic white residents made up 66.1% of Arkansas in 2025, 11.1 percentage points above the US figure (55.0%). The share is down from 77.0% in 2005¹⁸ and down from 66.6% in 2024².

Black Arkansans are the second-largest group. Non-Hispanic Black residents were 14.5% of the population, 2.8 percentage points above the US figure (11.7%)²; counting people who report Black with another race, 16.6%²⁷. In the population estimates the Black alone share is the 15th highest among the states and DC, higher than Missouri, Oklahoma and Texas; lower than Louisiana, Mississippi and Tennessee, and it is down from 15.5% in 2020²⁸.

Hispanic or Latino residents of any race were 9.8% in the 2025 survey, 10.7 percentage points below the US figure (20.5%)², and the share is up from 6.0% in 2009¹⁸. Most have Mexican roots: people of Mexican origin made up 6.3% of all Arkansans in 2020–2024, and Central Americans 1.5%²⁹.

Single group (adds to 100%)Alone or in combination with other races

White, not Hispanic66.1% 77.9%

Black, not Hispanic14.5% 16.6%

Hispanic or Latino (any race)9.8%

Two or more races, not Hispanic6.3%

Asian, not Hispanic2.0% 2.8%

American Indian and Alaska Native, not Hispanic0.7% 4.4%

Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, not Hispanic0.4% 0.5%

Some other race, not Hispanic0.3%

Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B03002; Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2025, table B02009. The dark bars are mutually exclusive and add to 100%. The light bars count everyone who reported the race, alone or with another race and of any ethnicity, so they overlap and add to more than 100%.

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Group	Share (single group)	MOE	Alone or in combination
White, not Hispanic	66.1%	±0.3	77.9%
Black, not Hispanic	14.5%	±0.2	16.6%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	9.8%	±0.1	–
Two or more races, not Hispanic	6.3%	±0.4	–
Asian, not Hispanic	2.0%	±0.1	2.8%
American Indian and Alaska Native, not Hispanic	0.7%	±0.1	4.4%
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander, not Hispanic	0.4%	±0.1	0.5%
Some other race, not Hispanic	0.3%	±0.1	–

Multiracial identity is common. Non-Hispanic residents of two or more races were 6.3%, 1.3 percentage points above the US figure (5.0%)². Counting everyone who reports American Indian or Alaska Native race, alone or with another race, gives 4.4%, the 11th highest³⁰ share. In the 2020 Census, the largest tribal groups people named were Cherokee (42,839) and Choctaw (8,140³¹), counting people who reported them alone or in combination.

The largest Marshallese community in the US

One small group sets Arkansas apart from every other state. The ACS for 2020–2024 counted 9,727 Marshallese residents, people with roots in the Marshall Islands. That is the largest Marshallese population of any state, ahead of Hawaii (8,053) and Washington (5,990). The estimate has high reliability (CV 4%)³².

Residents who report Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander as their only race made up 0.6% of Arkansans in 2025, tied for 6th highest among the states and DC and higher than every bordering state (Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas)²⁸. Oceania, the region that includes the Marshall Islands, was the birthplace of 3.6% of Arkansas's foreign-born residents, 3.0 percentage points above the US figure (0.6%)²⁶.

Asian Arkansans are a smaller share than nationally, 2.0%² non-Hispanic Asian in 2025. The largest groups in 2020–2024 were Asian Indian (13,482), Filipino (6,818), Vietnamese (6,342) and Chinese, except Taiwanese (4,820³³) residents.

Nearly half the state lives outside urban areas

The 2020 Census classified 44.5% of Arkansans as rural, the 6th highest share and 24.5 percentage points above the US figure (20.0%)³⁴. Arkansas has 59.9 people per square mile, less dense than every bordering state (Louisiana, Mississippi, Missouri, Oklahoma, Tennessee and Texas)³⁵. (This site covers states only; for county or city figures, see the Census Bureau.)

Housing and travel differ from the national pattern too. Mobile homes make up 10.3% of housing units, 5.0 percentage points above the US figure (5.3%), and single-family detached houses 70.3%³⁶. Only 0.2% of workers took public transportation, a share tied for lowest, while 77.1%³⁷ drove alone.

Younger mothers, more children

The median age, 39.3 years, is not statistically different from the US figure (39.5 years)³. The age structure differs from the nation's in other ways. Children under 18 are 22.4% of the population, the 12th highest share, though their number is down from 703,152 in 2020. Residents 65 and older number 591,966, up from 530,697 in 2020²⁸.

MenWomenUnited States

MenWomen

85+

80–84

75–79

70–74

65–69

60–64

55–59

50–54

45–49

40–44

35–39

30–34

25–29

20–24

15–19

10–14

5–9

0–4

Source: Census Bureau, Population Estimates Program, Vintage 2025. Share of the total population in each age group. Vertical ticks: the United States.

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Age	Men (%)	Women (%)	US men (%)	US women (%)
0-4	2.95	2.82	2.76	2.65
5-9	3.18	3.04	2.96	2.83
10-14	3.28	3.11	3.08	2.95
15-19	3.47	3.35	3.31	3.16
20-24	3.48	3.27	3.43	3.28
25-29	3.28	3.29	3.46	3.37
30-34	3.14	3.16	3.41	3.38
35-39	3.16	3.21	3.38	3.40
40-44	3.08	3.17	3.21	3.27
45-49	2.91	2.98	2.93	3.03
50-54	2.81	2.92	2.83	2.96
55-59	2.79	2.93	2.86	3.02
60-64	2.97	3.24	2.96	3.21
65-69	2.77	3.10	2.75	3.08
70-74	2.28	2.67	2.26	2.64
75-79	1.74	2.12	1.71	2.08
80-84	1.01	1.36	1.00	1.32
85+	0.74	1.21	0.78	1.28

Women in Arkansas have children earlier than women nationally. The teen birth rate in 2024 was 22.2 per 1,000 females aged 15 to 19, the 2nd highest after Mississippi and 76% above the US figure (12.6 per 1,000 females aged 15 to 19). The birth rate for women aged 25 to 29 was 27% above the US figure (89.5 per 1,000 women aged 25 to 29), while the rate at ages 30 to 34 was 12% below the US figure (93.7 per 1,000 women aged 30 to 34). The total fertility rate, 1.76 births per woman, is 10% above the US figure (1.60)³⁸.

Marriage is also more common. Only 28.8% of people 15 and older have never married, the 3rd lowest³⁹ share. The marriage rate in 2024 was 7.9 per 1,000 residents, the 7th highest, and the divorce rate was 3.3 per 1,000 residents, tied for 2nd highest behind Nevada⁴⁰ among the states that report divorces (California, Hawaii, Indiana, Minnesota and New Mexico do not).

More congregations per resident than any other state

Arkansas has 7,428 religious congregations, 24.7 per 10,000 residents, the highest in the nation, according to the 2020 U.S. Religion Census. The Southern Baptist Convention is the largest body, with 20.2% of residents in 1,551 churches, followed by non-denominational churches (8.3%⁴¹).

For readers asking what percent of Arkansas is Christian or Catholic: Christian congregations counted 57.3% of the population, the 6th highest share, while Catholic parishes counted 5.1%, 4th lowest among the states. The overall adherence rate, 57.8%, is higher than Missouri, Tennessee and Texas; lower than Louisiana, Mississippi and Oklahoma⁴¹. These are membership lists kept by congregations, not survey answers, so they say nothing direct about belief (more on the source).

Shorter lives and the second-highest infant mortality

Life expectancy at birth was 73.9 years in 2022, the 8th shortest of any state and 3.6 years below the US figure (77.5 years). For women it was 76.6 years, the 5th shortest⁴².

Infant mortality was 8.3 per 1,000 live births in 2024, the 2nd highest rate after Mississippi and 50% above the US figure (5.5 per 1,000 live births). Preterm births were 12.13% of all births and low-birthweight births 9.54%⁴³, both above the US figures.

Other measures point the same way. 18.2% of residents reported a disability in 2025, the 3rd highest⁴⁴ share. Adult smoking was 16.5%, 4.9 percentage points above the US figure (11.6%)⁴⁵. One measure runs the other way: the age-adjusted drug overdose death rate was 13.9 per 100,000, age-adjusted, 40% below the US figure (23.1 per 100,000, age-adjusted)⁴³.

United States77.5

Texas77.1

Missouri75.2

Arkansas73.9

Louisiana73.8

Oklahoma73.8

Tennessee73.8

Mississippi72.6

Source: CDC National Center for Health Statistics, U.S. State Life Tables, 2022. Period: 2022.

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State	Life expectancy
United States	77.5
Texas	77.1
Missouri	75.2
Arkansas	73.9
Louisiana	73.8
Oklahoma	73.8
Tennessee	73.8
Mississippi	72.6

The share of residents without health insurance was 9.1% in 2025, 0.7 percentage points above the US figure (8.4%)⁴⁶. It is down from 18.0% in 2008¹⁸.

Degrees rising from a low base

Among adults 25 and older, 28.8% held a bachelor's degree or higher in 2025, 8.6 percentage points below the US figure (37.4%). Within the margins of error the state ranks between 45th and 49th. The share is up from 27.1% in 2024⁴⁷ and up from 18.9% in 2005¹⁸.

High school completion is at the national level: 90.7% of adults had finished high school, not statistically different from the US figure (90.6%)⁴⁷. The public high school graduation rate for the class of 2022 was 88%, 1.0 percentage points above the US figure (87%)⁴⁸.

ArkansasUnited States

Source: Census Bureau, American Community Survey 1-year estimates, 2005-2019 and 2021-2025. ACS 1-year estimates; no standard 1-year release for 2020. Shaded band: 90% margin of error.

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Year	Arkansas	United States
2005	18.9% ±0.5	27.2% ±0.1
2006	18.2% ±0.4	27.0% ±0.1
2007	19.3% ±0.5	27.5% ±0.1
2008	18.8% ±0.4	27.7% ±0.1
2009	18.9% ±0.5	27.9% ±0.1
2010	19.5% ±0.5	28.2% ±0.1
2011	20.3% ±0.5	28.5% ±0.1
2012	21.0% ±0.5	29.1% ±0.1
2013	20.6% ±0.5	29.6% ±0.1
2014	21.4% ±0.5	30.1% ±0.1
2015	21.8% ±0.5	30.6% ±0.1
2016	22.4% ±0.5	31.3% ±0.1
2017	23.4% ±0.5	32.0% ±0.1
2018	23.3% ±0.5	32.6% ±0.1
2019	23.3% ±0.5	33.1% ±0.1
2021	25.3% ±0.6	35.0% ±0.1
2022	25.4% ±0.6	35.7% ±0.1
2023	26.2% ±0.6	36.2% ±0.1
2024	27.1% ±0.6	36.8% ±0.1
2025	28.8% ±0.7	37.4% ±0.1

Immigrants: few, and few of them naturalized

Arkansas had 177,328 foreign-born residents in 2025, 5.7% of the population and 9.0 percentage points below the US figure (14.7%). Most, 58.2%, were born in Latin America, and 27.0%²⁶ in Asia.

Only 37.7% of the foreign born had become US citizens, 16.2 percentage points below the US figure (53.9%). That is the lowest share of any state in 2025, though the margins of error place Arkansas between 46th and 51st²⁶. New green cards were also fewer: 1.2 per 1,000 residents in fiscal year 2024, 69% below the US figure (4.0 per 1,000 residents)⁴⁹.

At home, 8.8% of residents 5 and older speak a language other than English, most often Spanish (6.1%⁵⁰). The largest ancestries people report are English (12.3%), German (9.2%), Irish (8.9%) and American (7.5%⁵¹), in 2020–2024.

Work and veterans

Fewer adults are in the labor force than in most states. The Bureau of Labor Statistics put participation at 58.7% for 2025, the 9th lowest rate and 3.7 percentage points below the US figure (62.4%). Unemployment was 4.1%, 0.2 percentage points below the US figure (4.3%); the latest monthly rate, for September 2026, was 3.9%⁵².

Veterans make up 7.4% of civilian adults, 1.5 percentage points above the US figure (5.9%), or 178,260⁵³ people.